Interrogating the Impact of Intestinal Parasite-Microbiome on Pathogenesis of COVID-19 in Sub-Saharan Africa

Wolday, Dawit, Tasew, Geremew, Amogne, Wondwossen, Urban, Britta ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4197-8393, Schallig, Henk DFH, Harris, Vanessa and Rinke de Wit, Tobias F. (2021) 'Interrogating the Impact of Intestinal Parasite-Microbiome on Pathogenesis of COVID-19 in Sub-Saharan Africa'. Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 12, Issue 614522.

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Abstract

Intestinal parasitic infections affect more than 2 billion people throughout the world with disproportionately high prevalence rates in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) (Herricks et al., 2017). Multicellular and highly complex parasites such as Ascaris, hook worm, Trichuris, Enterobius and Schistosoma, as well as unicellular organisms including Entamoeba, Giardia, Toxoplasma, Cyclospora, and Cryptosporidium are among major pathogens that contribute to the global intestinal parasitic disease burden.

Parasites can cause persistent infection due to their ability to resist immune-mediated expulsion by modulating the host's immune response (McSorley and Maizels, 2012; Wammes et al., 2014; Chabé et al., 2017; Burrows et al., 2019; Ryan et al., 2020). There is a complex interaction between parasites and human microbiota which can triangulate with host's immune homeostasis and host responses to bystander antigens, vaccines or other unrelated diseases, both infectious and non-communicable diseases (McSorley and Maizels, 2012; Wammes et al., 2014). Recently, the world has grappled with an unprecedented pandemic due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (WHO, 2020). The pathogenesis of severe disease in COVID-19 has been linked to the phenomenon of immune hyperactivation (Sinha et al., 2020; Tay et al., 2020). Here, we propose that the interplay between intestinal parasites and microbiome may have a potential direct or indirect effects on the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, in particular in the context of LMICs.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	QW Microbiology and Immunology > Viruses > QW 160 Viruses (General). Virology QX Parasitology > QX 20 Research (General) QZ Pathology > Pathogenesis. Etiology > QZ 40 Pathogenesis. Etiology WA Public Health > WA 105 Epidemiology WA Public Health > Health Problems of Special Population Groups > WA 395 Health in developing countries
Faculty: Department:	Biological Sciences > Department of Tropical Disease Biology
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.614522
Depositing User:	Marie Hatton
Date Deposited:	10 May 2021 07:48
Last Modified:	10 May 2021 07:48
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/17769

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