Rapid selection of a pyrethroid metabolic enzyme CYP9K1 by operational malaria control activities

Vontas, John, Grigoraki, Linda, Morgan, John, Tsakireli, Dimitra, Fuseini, Godwin, Segura, Luis, Niemczura de Carvalho, Julie, Nguema, Raul, Weetman, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5820-1388, Slotman, Michel A and Hemingway, Janet ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3200-7173 (2018) 'Rapid selection of a pyrethroid metabolic enzyme CYP9K1 by operational malaria control activities'. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol 115, Issue 18, pp. 4619-4624.

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Abstract

Since 2004, indoor residual spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticide-impregnated bednets (LLINs) have reduced the malaria parasite prevalence in children on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea, from 45% to 12%. After target site-based (knockdown resistance; ) pyrethroid resistance was detected in 2004 in (formerly known as the M form of the complex), the carbamate bendiocarb was introduced. Subsequent analysis showed that alone was not operationally significant, so pyrethroid-based IRS was successfully reintroduced in 2012. In 2007 and 2014-2015, mass distribution of new pyrethroid LLINs was undertaken to increase the net coverage levels. The combined selection pressure of IRS and LLINs resulted in an increase in the frequency of pyrethroid resistance in 2015. In addition to a significant increase in r frequency, an additional metabolic pyrethroid resistance mechanism had been selected. Increased metabolism of the pyrethroid deltamethrin was linked with up-regulation of the cytochrome P450 CYP9K1. The increase in resistance prompted a reversion to bendiocarb IRS in 2016 to avoid a resurgence of malaria, in line with the national Malaria Control Program plan. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2018 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.]

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	WA Public Health > Preventive Medicine > WA 240 Disinfection. Disinfestation. Pesticides (including diseases caused by) WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 750 Malaria WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 765 Prevention and control
Faculty: Department:	Biological Sciences > Vector Biology Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719663115
SWORD Depositor:	JISC Pubrouter
Depositing User:	Stacy Murtagh
Date Deposited:	15 May 2018 10:39
Last Modified:	07 Sep 2019 13:08
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/8564

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