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Dose response association of pregnancy cigarette smoke exposure, childhood stature, overweight and obesity

Koshy, Gibby, Delpisheh, Ali and Brabin, Bernard (2011) 'Dose response association of pregnancy cigarette smoke exposure, childhood stature, overweight and obesity'. The European Journal of Public Health, Vol 21, Issue 3, pp. 286-291.

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Abstract

Background: The combined dose response effects of pregnancy cigarette smoke exposure on childhood overweight, obesity and short stature have not been reported. Method: A community based cross-sectional survey of 3038 children aged 5–11 years from 15 primary schools in Merseyside, UK. Self-completed parental questionnaires were used for family characteristics, socio-economic status and parental smoking practices. Children were measured for height and weight and z-scores calculated for parental smoking categories. Results: Of 689 (34.0%) mothers who smoked during pregnancy 50.5% smoked ten or more cigarettes daily (heavy smokers). Children of maternal non-smokers had prevalence estimates for overweight, obesity and short stature of 25, 9.6 and 3.2%, respectively. Prevalence estimates were higher in children of mothers who were heavy smokers during pregnancy, 31.5% (P = 0.001), 15.6% (P < 0.001) and 5.5% (P = 0.001), respectively. Mean height for age z-scores was lower among heavy maternal (P < 0.001) and paternal smokers (P < 0.01) compared to non-smokers. Childhood overweight, obesity or short stature were all associated with heavy maternal smoking during pregnancy (all P < 0.001). Mean body mass index (BMI) z-scores were higher in boys of mothers who smoked (P = 0.043). The adjusted odds ratio for short stature in children of heavy maternal smokers was 2.76 (95% CI 1.21–6.33) and 4.28 (1.37–13.37) if both parents were heavy smokers. The adjusted OR for obesity in children of maternal smokers was 1.61(1.19–2.18). The population attributable risk for short stature was 8.8% (1.1–22.7) for heavy maternal smokers. Conclusion: A dose-response association was observed between pregnancy smoking exposure, short stature and obesity.

Item Type: Article
Subjects: QV Pharmacology > Autonomic Agents. Nonmetallic Elements. Neuromuscular Agents > QV 137 Nicotine
WA Public Health > Health Problems of Special Population Groups > WA 310 Maternal welfare
WQ Obstetrics > Pregnancy > WQ 200 General works
WS Pediatrics > Child Care. Nutrition. Physical Examination > WS 115 Nutritional requirements. Nutrition disorders
Digital Object Identifer (DOI): https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckq173
Depositing User: Lynn Roberts-Maloney
Date Deposited: 14 Mar 2014 11:46
Last Modified: 16 Dec 2020 12:05
URI: https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/3605

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