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sania, Ayesha, sudfeld, Christopher R, Danaei, Goodarz, Fink, Gunther, McCoy, Dana C, Zhu, Zhaozhong, Smith Fawzi, Mary C, Akman, Mehmet, Arifeen, Shams E, Barros, Aluisio J, Bellinger, David, Black, Maureen M, Bogale, Alemtsehay, Braun, Joseph M, van den Broek, Nynke 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8523-2684, Carrara, Verena, Duazo, Paulita, Duggan, Christopher, Fernald, Lia C, Gladstone, Melissa, Hamadani, Jena, Handal, Alexis J, Harlow, Sioban, Hidrobo, Melissa, Kuzawa, Chris, Kvestad, Ingrid, Locks, Lindsey, Manji, Karim, Masanja, Honorati, Matijasevich, Alicia, McDonald, Christine, McGready, Rose, Rizvi, Arjumand, Santos, Darci, Santos, Leticia, Save, Dilsad, Shapiro, Roger, Stoecker, Barbara, Strand, Tor A, Taneja, Sunita, Tellez-Rojo, Martha-Maria, Tofail, Fahmida, Yousafzai, Aisha K, Ezzati, Majid and Fawzi, Wafaie
(2019)
'Early Life risk factors of motor, cognitive and language development: a pooled analysis of studies from low/middle-income countries'. British Medical Journal (BMJ), Vol 9, Issue 10, e026449.
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BMJ early life risk factors NvdB.pdf - Accepted Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial. Download (894kB) | Preview |
Abstract
Objective
To determine the magnitude of relationships of early life factors with child development in low/middle-income countries (LMICs).
Design
Meta-analyses of standardised mean differences (SMDs) estimated from published and unpublished data.
Data sources
We searched Medline, bibliographies of key articles and reviews, and grey literature to identify studies from LMICs that collected data on early life exposures and child development. The most recent search was done on 4 November 2014. We then invited the first authors of the publications and investigators of unpublished studies to participate in the study.
Eligibility
criteria for selecting studies Studies that assessed at least one domain of child development in at least 100 children under 7 years of age and collected at least one early life factor of interest were included in the study.
Analyses
Linear regression models were used to assess SMDs in child development by parental and child factors within each study. We then produced pooled estimates across studies using random effects meta-analyses.
Results
We retrieved data from 21 studies including 20 882 children across 13 LMICs, to assess the associations of exposure to 14 major risk factors with child development. Children of mothers with secondary schooling had 0.14 SD (95% CI 0.05 to 0.25) higher cognitive scores compared with children whose mothers had primary education. Preterm birth was associated with 0.14 SD (–0.24 to –0.05) and 0.23 SD (–0.42 to –0.03) reductions in cognitive and motor scores, respectively. Maternal short stature, anaemia in infancy and lack of access to clean water and sanitation had significant negative associations with cognitive and motor development with effects ranging from −0.18 to −0.10 SDs.
Conclusions
Differential parental, environmental and nutritional factors contribute to disparities in child development across LMICs. Targeting these factors from prepregnancy through childhood may improve health and development of children.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | WA Public Health > Health Problems of Special Population Groups > WA 395 Health in developing countries WA Public Health > Statistics. Surveys > WA 950 Theory or methods of medical statistics. Epidemiologic methods WS Pediatrics > WS 100 General works WS Pediatrics > Child Care. Nutrition. Physical Examination > WS 141 Physical examination. Diagnosis. Mass screening. Monitoring |
| Faculty: Department: | Clinical Sciences & International Health > International Public Health Department |
| Digital Object Identifer (DOI): | https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026449 |
| Depositing User: | Tina Bowers |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Nov 2019 12:32 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Nov 2019 14:00 |
| URI: | https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/13073 |
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