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Gender and caste inequalities in primary healthcare usage by under-5 children in rural Nepal: an iterative qualitative study into provider perspectives and the potential role of implicit bias

Joshi, Sauger, Karki, Alisha, Rushton, Simon, Koirala, Bikash, Basnet, Srijana, Rija, Barsha, Karki, Jiban, Pohl, Gerda, Baidya, Manish, Chater, Tim, Green, Dan and Lee, Andrew (2023) 'Gender and caste inequalities in primary healthcare usage by under-5 children in rural Nepal: an iterative qualitative study into provider perspectives and the potential role of implicit bias'. BMJ Open, Vol 13, Issue 6, e069060.

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Abstract

Objective This study explored provider perspectives on: (1) why inequalities in health service usage persist; and (2) their knowledge and understanding of the role of patient experience and implicit bias (also referred to as unconscious bias).

Design A three stage, iterative qualitative study was conducted involving two rounds of in-depth interviews and a training session with healthcare staff. Interview transcripts were analysed using a reflexive thematic approach in relation to the study’s aims.

Setting Participants were recruited from rural hill districts (Mugu, Humla, Bajura, Gorkha and Sindhupalchok) of Nepal.

Participants Clinical staff from 22 rural health posts.

Results Healthcare providers had high levels of understanding of the cultural, educational and socioeconomic factors behind inequalities in healthcare usage in their communities. However, there was less knowledge and understanding of the role of patient experience—and no recognition at all of the concept of implicit bias.

Conclusion It is highly likely that implicit bias affects provider behaviours in Nepal, just as it does in other countries. However, there is currently not a culture of thinking about the patient experience and how that might impact on future usage of health services. Implicit bias training for health students and workers would help create greater awareness of unintended discriminatory behaviours. This in turn may play a part in improving patient experience and future healthcare usage, particularly among disadvantaged groups.

Item Type: Article
Subjects: WA Public Health > WA 30 Socioeconomic factors in public health (General)
WS Pediatrics > By Age Groups > WS 430 Infancy
WS Pediatrics > By Age Groups > WS 440 Preschool child
Faculty: Department: Clinical Sciences & International Health > International Public Health Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI): https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069060
Depositing User: Amy Carroll
Date Deposited: 03 Jul 2023 15:14
Last Modified: 04 Jul 2023 12:37
URI: https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/22742

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