Comparison of Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug susceptibility using solid and liquid culture in Nigeria

Lawson, Lovett, Emenyonu, Nanmdi, Abdurrahman, Saddiq T, Lawson, Juliana O, Uzoewulu, Gertrude N, Sogaolu, Olumide M, Ebisike, Juliana N, Parry, Christopher M, Yassin, Mohammed A. and Cuevas, Luis ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-0587 (2013) 'Comparison of Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug susceptibility using solid and liquid culture in Nigeria'. BMC Research Notes, Vol 6, : 215.

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Abstract

Background
This study compares Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture isolation and drug sensitivity testing (DST) using solid (LJ) and liquid (BACTEC-MGIT-960) media in Nigeria.

Methods
This was a cross sectional survey of adults attending reference centres in Abuja, Ibadan and Nnewi with a new diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) or having failed the first-line TB treatment. Patients were requested to provide three sputum specimens for smear-microscopy and culture on LJ and BACTEC-MGIT-960. Positive cultures underwent DST for streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol.

Results
527 specimens were cultured. 428 (81%) were positive with BACTEC-MGIT-960, 59 (11%) negative, 36 (7%) contaminated and 4 (1%) had non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM). 411 (78%) LJ cultures were positive, 89 (17%) negative, 22 (4%) contaminated and 5 (1%) had NTM. The mean (SD) detection time was 11 (6) and 30 (11) days for BACTEC-MGIT-960 and LJ. DST patterns were compared in the 389 concordant positive BACTEC-MGIT-960 and LJ cultures. Rifampicin and isoniazid DST patterns were similar. Streptomycin resistance was detected more frequently with LJ than BACTEC-MGIT-960 and ethambutol resistance was detected more frequently with BACTEC-MGIT-960 than LJ, but differences were not statistically significant. MDR-TB was detected in 27 cases by LJ and 25 by BACTEC-MGIT-960 and using both methods detected 29 cases.

Conclusions
There was a substantial degree of agreement between the two methods. However using the two in tandem increased the number of culture-positive patients and those with MDR-TB. The choice of culture method should depend on local availability, cost and test performance characteristics.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	QV Pharmacology > QV 38 Drug action. QW Microbiology and Immunology > Bacteria > QW 125 Actinibacteria, Actinomycetales. QW Microbiology and Immunology > QW 45 Microbial drug resistance. General or not elsewhere classified. WF Respiratory System > Tuberculosis > WF 220 Diagnosis. Prognosis WF Respiratory System > Tuberculosis > WF 360 Drug therapy
Faculty: Department:	Clinical Sciences & International Health > Clinical Sciences Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-6-215
Depositing User:	Martin Chapman
Date Deposited:	18 Nov 2014 10:25
Last Modified:	17 Jul 2020 10:59
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/4526

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