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Mahumud, Rashidul Alam, Sarker, Abdur Razzaque, Sultana, Marufa, Islam, Ziaul, Khan, Jahangir 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6151-764X and Morton, Alec
(2017)
'Distribution and Determinants of Out-of-pocket Healthcare Expenditures in Bangladesh'. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Vol 50, Issue 2, pp. 91-99.
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Abstract
Objectives
As in many low-income and middle-income countries, out-of-pocket (OOP) payments by patients or their families are a key healthcare financing mechanism in Bangladesh that leads to economic burdens for households. The objective of this study was to identify whether and to what extent socioeconomic, demographic, and behavioral factors of the population had an impact on OOP expenditures in Bangladesh.
Methods
A total of 12 400 patients who had paid to receive any type of healthcare services within the previous 30 days were analyzed from the Bangladesh Household Income and Expenditure Survey data, 2010. We employed regression analysis for identify factors influencing OOP health expenditures using the ordinary least square method.
Results
The mean total OOP healthcare expenditures was US dollar (USD) 27.66; while, the cost of medicines (USD 16.98) was the highest cost driver (61% of total OOP healthcare expenditure). In addition, this study identified age, sex, marital status, place of residence, and family wealth as significant factors associated with higher OOP healthcare expenditures. In contrary, unemployment and not receiving financial social benefits were inversely associated with OOP expenditures.
Conclusions
The findings of this study can help decision-makers by clarifying the determinants of OOP, discussing the mechanisms driving these determinants, and there by underscoring the need to develop policy options for building stronger financial protection mechanisms. The government should consider devoting more resources to providing free or subsidized care. In parallel with government action, the development of other prudential and sustainable risk-pooling mechanisms may help attract enthusiastic subscribers to community-based health insurance schemes.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | W General Medicine. Health Professions > W 74 Medical economics. Health care costs W General Medicine. Health Professions > Health Services. Patients and Patient Advocacy > W 84 Health services. Delivery of health care WA Public Health > WA 30 Socioeconomic factors in public health (General) WA Public Health > Health Problems of Special Population Groups > WA 395 Health in developing countries |
| Faculty: Department: | Clinical Sciences & International Health > Clinical Sciences Department |
| Digital Object Identifer (DOI): | https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.16.089 |
| Depositing User: | Stacy Murtagh |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Apr 2017 08:46 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Sep 2019 11:09 |
| URI: | https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/7002 |
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