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Bruxvoort, Katia J., Yeung, Shunmay, Clarke, Sîan E., Onwujekwe, Obinna E., Hansen, Kristian S., Chandler, Clare I. R., Staedke, Sarah G., Baiden, Frank, Mbonye, Anthony K., Rowland, Mark W., Wiseman, Virginia L., Magnussen, Pascal, Schellenberg, David, Cundill, Bonnie, Elfving, Kristina, Msellem, Mwinyi I., Lal, Sham, Shakely, Delér, Burchett, Helen E. D., Mayan, Ismail, Owusu-Agyei, Seth, Whitty, Christopher J. M., Leurent, Baptiste, Leslie, Toby, Mårtensson, Andreas, Goodman, Catherine, Lalloo, David 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7680-2200, Björkman, Anders, DiLiberto, Debora D., Kachur, S. Patrick, Ansah, Evelyn K., Mangham-Jefferies, Lindsay, Vestergaard, Lasse S., Webster, Jayne and Hopkins, Heidi
(2017)
'The Impact of Introducing Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests on Fever Case Management: A Synthesis of Ten Studies from the ACT Consortium'. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Vol 97, Issue 4, pp. 1170-1179.
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Abstract
Since 2010, the World Health Organization has been recommending that all suspected cases of malaria be confirmed with parasite-based diagnosis before treatment. These guidelines represent a paradigm shift away from presumptive antimalarial treatment of fever. Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs) are central to implementing this policy, intended to target artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACT) to patients with confirmed malaria and to improve management of patients with nonmalarial fevers. The ACT Consortium conducted ten linked studies, eight in sub-Saharan Africa and two in Afghanistan, to evaluate the impact of mRDT introduction on case management across settings that vary in malaria endemicity and healthcare provider type. This synthesis includes 562,368 outpatient encounters (study size range 2,400–432,513). mRDTs were associated with significantly lower ACT prescription (range 8–69% versus 20–100%). Prescribing did not always adhere to malaria test results; in several settings, ACTs were prescribed to more than 30% of test-negative patients or to fewer than 80% of test-positive patients. Either an antimalarial or an antibiotic was prescribed for more than 75% of patients across most settings; lower antimalarial prescription for malaria test-negative patients was partly offset by higher antibiotic prescription. Symptomatic management with antipyretics alone was prescribed for fewer than 25% of patients across all scenarios. In community health worker and private retailer settings, mRDTs increased referral of patients to other providers. This synthesis provides an overview of shifts in case management that may be expected with mRDT introduction and highlights areas of focus to improve design and implementation of future case management programs.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | WA Public Health > Preventive Medicine > WA 243 Diagnositic services WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 750 Malaria WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 765 Prevention and control WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 770 Therapy |
| Faculty: Department: | Clinical Sciences & International Health > International Public Health Department |
| Digital Object Identifer (DOI): | https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.16-0955 |
| SWORD Depositor: | JISC Pubrouter |
| Depositing User: | JISC Pubrouter |
| Date Deposited: | 07 Sep 2017 15:36 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Nov 2018 10:56 |
| URI: | https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/7482 |
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