Fine scale spatial investigation of multiple insecticide resistance and underlying target-site and metabolic mechanisms in Anopheles gambiae in central Côte d’Ivoire

Oumbouke, Welbeck Achille, Pignatelli, Patricia, Barreaux, Antoine MG, Tia, Innocent Z., Koffi, Alphonsine A., Ahoua Alou, Ludovic P, Sternberg, Eleanore, Thomas, Matthew B, Weetman, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5820-1388 and N’Guessan, Raphael (2020) 'Fine scale spatial investigation of multiple insecticide resistance and underlying target-site and metabolic mechanisms in Anopheles gambiae in central Côte d’Ivoire'. Scientific Reports, Vol 19, Issue 15066.

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Abstract

Routine monitoring of occurrence, levels and mechanisms of insecticide resistance informs effective management strategies, and should be used to assess the effect of new tools on resistance. As part of a cluster randomised control trial evaluating a novel insecticide-based intervention in central Côte d’Ivoire, we assessed resistance and its underlying mechanisms in Anopheles gambiae populations from a subset of trial villages. Resistance to multiple insecticides in An. gambiae s.s. and An. coluzzii was detected across villages, with dose-response assays demonstrating extremely high resistance intensity to the pyrethroid deltamethrin (>1500-fold), and mortality following exposure to pyrethroid-treated bednets was low (<30% mortality in cone bioassays). The 1014F kdr mutation was almost fixed (>90%) in all villages but the 1575Y kdr- amplifying mutation was relatively rare (<15%). The carbamate and organophosphate resistance-associated Ace-1 G119S mutation was also detected at moderate frequencies (22- 43%). Transcriptome analysis identified overexpression of P450 enzymes known to metabolise pyrethroids (CYP9K1, CYP6P3, and CYP6M2), and also a carboxylesterase (COEAE1F) as major candidates. CYP6P3 expression was high but variable (up to 33-fold) and correlated positively with deltamethrin resistance intensity across villages (r2=0.78, P = 0.02). Tools and strategies to mitigate the extreme and multiple resistance provided by these mechanisms are required in this area to avoid future control failures.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	QX Parasitology > Insects. Other Parasites > QX 515 Anopheles QX Parasitology > Insects. Other Parasites > QX 600 Insect control. Tick control WA Public Health > WA 20.5 Research (General) WA Public Health > Preventive Medicine > WA 240 Disinfection. Disinfestation. Pesticides (including diseases caused by) WA Public Health > Health Problems of Special Population Groups > WA 395 Health in developing countries
Faculty: Department:	Biological Sciences > Vector Biology Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-71933-8
Depositing User:	Luciene Salas Jennings
Date Deposited:	17 Sep 2020 19:03
Last Modified:	17 Sep 2020 19:03
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/15480

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