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Eosinophils contribute to killing of adult Onchocerca ochengi within onchocercomata following elimination of Wolbachia

Nfon, C.K., Makepeace, Benjamin L., Njongmeta, L.M., Tanya, V. N., Bain, O. and Trees, Alexander J. (2006) 'Eosinophils contribute to killing of adult Onchocerca ochengi within onchocercomata following elimination of Wolbachia'. Microbes and Infection, Vol 8, Issue 12-13, pp. 2698-2705.

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Abstract

Many filarial nematodes, including Onchocerca volvulus (the cause of human 'River Blindness'), have a mutually dependent relationship with Wolbachia bacteria. There has been much interest in Wolbachia as a chemotherapeutic target, since there are no macrofilaricidal drugs (i.e., lethal to adult worms) of low toxicity. Using the bovine parasite O. ochengi, we previously demonstrated that combined intensive and intermittent (COM) oxytetracycline treatment induces a sustained depletion of Wolbachia and is macrofilaricidal, whereas a short intensive regimen (SIR) is non-macrofilaricidal. To understand how targeting Wolbachia with oxytetracycline can lead to worm death, O. ochengi nodules (onchocercomata) were sequentially excised from cattle administered COM or SIR therapy, and cell infiltrates were microscopically quantified. Pre-treatment, worms were surrounded by neutrophils, with eosinophils rare or absent. At 8-12 weeks after either regimen, eosinophils increased around worms and were observed degranulating on the cuticle. However, with the SIR treatment, neutrophils returned to predominance by 48 weeks, while in the COM group, eosinophilia persisted. These observations suggest that accumulation of degranulating eosinophils over a prolonged period is a cause rather than an effect of parasite death, and the macrofilaricidal mechanism of antibiotics may relate to facilitation of eosinophil infiltration around worms by ablation of Wolbachia-mediated neutrophilia. (c) 2006 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: onchocerciasis filaricides eosinophils symbiosis tetracycline antibiotic wolbachia macrofilaricidal activity litomosoides-sigmodontis bacterial endosymbionts dirofilaria-immitis filarial nematodes surface protein brugia-pahangi mast-cells tetracycline endobacteria
Subjects: QV Pharmacology > QV 38 Drug action.
QV Pharmacology > QV 4 General works
QV Pharmacology > Drug Standardization. Pharmacognosy. Medicinal Plants > QV 771 Standardization and evaluation of drugs
QX Parasitology > Helminths. Annelida > QX 203 Nematoda
QX Parasitology > Helminths. Annelida > QX 301 Filarioidea
WC Communicable Diseases > Rickettsiaceae Infections. Chlamydiaceae Infections > WC 600 Rickettsiaceae infections. Chlamydiaceae infections. Tick-borne diseases
WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 885 Onchocerciasis
Faculty: Department: Groups (2002 - 2012) > Veterinary Parasitology Group (2002-2008)
Digital Object Identifer (DOI): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2006.07.017
Depositing User: Sarah Lewis-Newton
Date Deposited: 16 Feb 2011 15:26
Last Modified: 06 Feb 2018 13:02
URI: https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/1562

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