Integron gene cassettes harboring novel variants of D-alanine-D-alanine ligase confer high-level resistance to D-cycloserine

Rahman, Md. Ajijur, Kaiser, Frank, Jamshidi, Shirin, Monteiro, Marta Freitas, Rahman, Khondaker Miraz, Peter Mullany, Peter and Roberts, Adam ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-3088 (2020) 'Integron gene cassettes harboring novel variants of D-alanine-D-alanine ligase confer high-level resistance to D-cycloserine'. Scientific Reports, Vol 10, Issue 20709.

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Abstract

Antibiotic resistance poses an increasing threat to global health. To tackle this problem, the identification of principal reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) plus an understanding of drivers for their evolutionary selection are important. During a PCR-based screen of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) associated with integrons in saliva-derived metagenomic DNA of healthy human volunteers, two novel variants of genes encoding a D-alanine-D-alanine ligase (ddl6 and ddl7) located within gene cassettes in the first position of a reverse integron were identified. Treponema denticola was identified as the likely host of the ddl cassettes. Both ddl6 and ddl7 conferred high level resistance to D-cycloserine when expressed in Escherichia coli with ddl7 conferring four-fold higher resistance to D-cycloserine compared to ddl6. A SNP was found to be responsible for this difference in resistance phenotype between the two ddl variants. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to explain the mechanism of this phenotypic change at the atomic scale. A hypothesis for the evolutionary selection of ddl containing integron gene cassettes is proposed, based on molecular docking of plant metabolites within the ATP and D-cycloserine binding pockets of Ddl.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	QU Biochemistry > Genetics > QU 500 Genetic phenomena QW Microbiology and Immunology > Bacteria > QW 131 Gram-negative bacteria. QW Microbiology and Immunology > QW 45 Microbial drug resistance. General or not elsewhere classified.
Faculty: Department:	Biological Sciences > Department of Tropical Disease Biology
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77377-4
Depositing User:	Cathy Waldron
Date Deposited:	28 Nov 2020 14:56
Last Modified:	28 Nov 2020 14:56
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/16065

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