IDF2022-0608 Long-term exercise preserves pancreatic islet structure and beta-cell mass through attenuation of islet fibrosis

Carvalho, V., Qiu, S., Wang, Q., Liu, L., Xu, Xiaohan, Wang, X., Wang, J., Li, W., Li, T., Chen, Y., Zhu, W. and Sun, Z. (2023) 'IDF2022-0608 Long-term exercise preserves pancreatic islet structure and beta-cell mass through attenuation of islet fibrosis'. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, Vol 197, e110275.

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Abstract

Islet fibrosis is one of the pathological changes associated with the disruption of islet structure and contributes to β-cell dysfunction, playing a significant role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Physical exercise has been shown to prevent or reduce fibrosis in various organs and tissues; however, the effect of exercise training on islet fibrosis has not been determined. This study investigated whether long-term exercise can also prevent fibrosis in the pancreatic islets. Male SD rats were divided into four groups: Normal diet Sedentary [N-Sed], Normal diet + Exercise [N-Ex], High-fat diet Sedentary [H-Sed], and High-fat diet + Exercise [H-Ex]. The rats in the exercise groups exercised five days a week, for 30 min, at a maximum speed of 20 m/min. After 60 weeks of treatment, a total of 4452 islets from Masson’s trichrome-stained slides were quantified. Exercised rats showed a 68% and 45% reduction in islet fibrosis in the Normal and High-fat diet groups, respectively. This was accompanied by a significant reduction of protein and RNA levels of fibrosis-related markers such as collagen and fibronectin. The fibrotic islets had irregular shapes and significant loss of beta-cell mass, which were significantly lowered by exercise training. In fact, the rats in the exercise groups at week 60 showed morphologically comparable islets to those of sedentary rats at week 26. We also observed a significant reduction in the systemic and pancreatic inflammatory markers accompanied by lower macrophage infiltration and stellate cell activation in the islets of exercised rats. To our knowledge, this is the first study to quantitatively demonstrate that exercise training protects the pancreatic islet through the reduction of islet fibrosis. These results provide an additional rationale for the known success of exercise intervention in the management of type 2 diabetes and should be further explored in future studies.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	WK Endocrine System > WK 810 Diabetes mellitus
Faculty: Department:	Clinical Sciences & International Health > Clinical Sciences Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110275
SWORD Depositor:	JISC Pubrouter
Depositing User:	JISC Pubrouter
Date Deposited:	28 Mar 2023 07:55
Last Modified:	04 Apr 2023 14:58
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/22153

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