Clinical and Laboratory Factors Associated with Splenic Dysfunction Among Sickle Cell Disease Patients in a malaria endemic region

Ladu, Adama, Satumari, Ngamarju A, Abba, Aisha M, Abulfathi, Fatima A, Jeffery, Caroline ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8023-0708, Adekile, Adekunle and Bates, Imelda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0862-8199 (2023) 'Clinical and Laboratory Factors Associated with Splenic Dysfunction Among Sickle Cell Disease Patients in a malaria endemic region'. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Vol 117, Issue 12, pp. 859-866.

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Abstract

Background
Although loss of splenic function is the expected natural course for individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD), factors such as high HbF and coexistence of alpha thalassemia may ameliorate this process. We evaluated factors associated with two surrogate markers of spleen dysfunction - Howell-Jolly bodies (HJB) and argyrophilic inclusion (AI) red cell counts among SCD patients.

Methods
Cross-sectional data of 182 SCD patients (median age 11 years;1- 45 years) and 102 normal controls (median age 12 years;1-32 years) were evaluated. Blood tests including full blood count, serum chemistry and HPLC were performed. The HJB and AI red cell counts were performed on peripheral blood smears.

Results
The percentages of HJB- and AI- red cells rose significantly with increasing age in the SCD group. On regression analysis, frequency of HJB red cells associated positively with MCH (β = 0.289; P = 0.001) and negatively with HbF (β = -0.259; P = 0.002). The AI red cell counts also associated positively with MCH (β = 0.321; P=0.001) and negatively with HbF (β = -0.242; P = 0.020).

Conclusion
Data from this study indicates that the negative association of HbF with both markers of splenic dysfunction among our SCD patients residing in a malaria-endemic region is similar to findings elsewhere of its ameliorating effect on splenic dysfunction.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 750 Malaria WH Hemic and Lymphatic Systems > Hematologic Diseases. Immunologic Factors. Blood Banks > WH 170 Hemolytic anemia (e.g., Sickle cell anemia)
Faculty: Department:	Clinical Sciences & International Health > International Public Health Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trad059
Depositing User:	Rachel Dominguez
Date Deposited:	01 Sep 2023 13:22
Last Modified:	03 Jan 2024 12:01
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/23021

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