The co-administration of ivermectin and albendazole safety, pharmacokinetics and efficacy against Onchocerca volvulus

Edwards, Geoffrey, Awadzi, K., Duke, B. O. L., Opoku, N. O., Attah, S. K., Addy, E. T., Ardrey, A. E. and Quartey, B. T. (2003) 'The co-administration of ivermectin and albendazole safety, pharmacokinetics and efficacy against Onchocerca volvulus'. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Vol 97, Issue 2, pp. 165-178.

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Abstract

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted, to determine whether the co-administration of ivermectin with albendazole is safe and more effective against Onchocerca volvulus than ivermectin alone, and whether a significant pharmacokinetic interaction occurs. Forty-two male onchocerciasis patients received ivermectin (200 mug/kg) alone, albendazole (400 mg) alone or the combination. Safety was determined from the results of detailed clinical and laboratory examinations before treatment, during hospitalization and on day 30. Microfilaricidal efficacy was estimated from the reductions in skin counts between day 0 (pretreatment) and day 30. To determine efficacy against the adult worms, two independent observers examined histology slides prepared from nodules excised on day 180; changes in the skin counts of skin microfilariae between days 30 and 365 provided additional indicators of the level of adulticidal activity. Pharmacokinetic parameters for ivermectin and albendazole sulphoxide were defined over 72 h post-treatment. The co-administration of ivermectin with albendazole did not produce more severe adverse effects than ivermectin alone. Both nodule examiners found that the combination was not macrofilaricidal and that it was not clearly superior to ivermectin alone in the effects on reproductive activity; this was supported by the similar efficacy of the two regimens in the suppression of skin microfilariae. There was no significant pharmacokinetic interaction. Although the co-administration of ivermectin with albendazole appears safe, it offers no advantage over ivermectin alone in the control of onchocerciasis. The combination does not require an alteration in the dosage of either component.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	QV Pharmacology > QV 34 Experimental pharmacology (General) QX Parasitology > Helminths. Annelida > QX 200 Helminths WW Ophthalmology > Diseases. Color Perception > WW 160 Eye infections. Hypersensitivity diseases (General or not elsewhere classified)
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1179/000349803235001697
Depositing User:	Users 494 not found.
Date Deposited:	08 Feb 2013 13:41
Last Modified:	22 Nov 2024 14:40
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/2497

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