Dataset for 'Natural carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae is associated with increased experimental pneumococcal carriage but reduced conjugate vaccine efficacy in a human challenge model'

Galafa, Bridgette, Howard, Ashleigh, Nyazika, Tinashe, Ferreira, Daniela ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0594-0902, Jambo, Kondwani ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3195-2210, Morton, Ben ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6164-2854, Henrion, Marc ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1242-839X and Gordon, Stephen ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6576-1116 (2023) Dataset for 'Natural carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae is associated with increased experimental pneumococcal carriage but reduced conjugate vaccine efficacy in a human challenge model'. [Data Collection]

Summary

We investigated the relationship between natural and experimental pneumococcal carriage, focusing on the impact of natural carriage on vaccine efficacy. Statistical analyses were carried out according to a pre-specified Statistical Analysis Plan using R v.4.2.2 (R Development Core Team, Vienna, Austria) and GraphPad Prism v9.0.0 (Graph-Pad Software, San Diego, California, USA). Two key findings emerged: firstly, individuals with natural carriage were more likely to become experimental carriers, and secondly, the efficacy of the PCV-13 vaccine in preventing experimental carriage was reduced in those with natural carriage. Serotype exchange as well as co-colonisation with experimental carriage was observed in 15 participants. We concluded that natural carriage could impact vaccine efficacy in high-prevalence settings, emphasizing the importance of vaccine design targeting reductions in natural carriage. The use of carriage reduction as a trial endpoint was encouraged, along with the adoption of batched samples and molecular diagnostics to enhance trial efficiency.