Impact of HIV on childhood respiratory illness: Differences between developing and developed countries

Graham, Stephen (2003) 'Impact of HIV on childhood respiratory illness: Differences between developing and developed countries'. Pediatric Pulmonology, Vol 36, Issue 6, pp. 462-468.

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Abstract

The main differences of the impact of HIV on childhood respiratory illness between developed and developing countries, and particularly some countries in Africa, are the scale of the problem and the lack of resources to address problems of prevention, diagnosis, and management. Recent data from HIV-infected African children are reviewed and show that the pattern of respiratory disease in these children is not markedly different to the pattern that was reported from the USA and Europe prior to the use of antiretroviral therapy and routine Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) prophylaxis for HIV-exposed infants. Bacterial pneumonia is very common in all age groups. PCP and cytomegalovirus (CMV) are especially common in infants, and lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis (LIP) is common in older children. One difference is that pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is relatively more common in HIV-infected African children. This is likely to reflect the higher prevalence of smear-positive PTB in the region and therefore of exposure/infection compared to developed countries. Autopsy studies have provided a lot of useful data, but more prospective clinical and intervention studies from different parts of the region are needed in order to improve clinical diagnosis and management. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	childhood HIV infection;pneumonia;bacterial pneumonia;Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia;viral pneumonia;lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis;pulmonary tuberculosis
Subjects:	WA Public Health > Health Problems of Special Population Groups > WA 395 Health in developing countries WC Communicable Diseases > Virus Diseases > Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. HIV Infections > WC 503.5 Complications WS Pediatrics > Diseases of Children and Adolescents > By System > WS 280 Respiratory system
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.10343
Depositing User:	Ms Julia Martin
Date Deposited:	16 May 2012 09:27
Last Modified:	23 Nov 2018 14:52
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/2554

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