The Impact of Probiotic Supplementation on the Development of the Infant Gut Microbiota: An Exploratory Follow-Up of a Randomised Controlled Trial

Coates, Niall, John, Daniel A, Jordan, Sue, Storey, Melanie, Thornton, Catherine A, Garaiova, Iveta, Wang, Duolao ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2788-2464, Allen, Stephen ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6675-249X, Michael, Daryn R, Plummer, Susan F and Facey, Paul D (2025) 'The Impact of Probiotic Supplementation on the Development of the Infant Gut Microbiota: An Exploratory Follow-Up of a Randomised Controlled Trial'. Microorganisms, Vol 13, Issue 5, p. 984.

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Abstract

Early-life establishment of the gut microbiota plays a role in lifelong health, with disruptions linked to heightened risks of metabolic and immune disorders. Probiotic supplementation may be used to modulate the infant gut microbiome to promote favourable development. Here, we evaluate how Lab4B probiotic supplementation shapes the development of the infant gut microbiome over the first 6 months. Faecal samples collected from infants enrolled in PROBAT (ISRCTN26287422), a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, were analysed using culture-dependent and -independent (16S rDNA and metagenomic shotgun sequencing) techniques to examine the composition, diversity, and metabolic capabilities of the microbiome, as well as the abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Probiotic supplementation encouraged the development of a microbiome with a distinct composition characterised by elevated abundances of Bifidobacteriaceae in the first 6 weeks (p = 0.006) and Lactobacillaceae throughout the first 6 months (p < 0.05 at every 6-week time point), accelerated microbial diversification, reduced abundance of beta-lactam- and cephalosporin-resistance genes, and differences in predicted metabolic capabilities at the start and end points. Supplementation of this neonatal population, which is at high risk of atopy, with the Lab4B probiotic significantly influenced the development of the infant gut microbiota during the first 6 months.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	WS Pediatrics > Diseases of Children and Adolescents > By System > WS 310 Digestive system WS Pediatrics > By Age Groups > WS 420 Newborn infants. Neonatology
Faculty: Department:	Clinical Sciences & International Health > Clinical Sciences Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13050984
Depositing User:	Jane Rawlinson
Date Deposited:	09 May 2025 10:17
Last Modified:	09 May 2025 10:17
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/26643

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