Tuberculosis diagnostics and biomarkers: needs, challenges, recent advances, and opportunities.

McNerney, Ruth, Maeurer, Markus, Abubakar, Ibrahim, Marais, Ben, McHugh, Timothy D, Ford, Nathan, Weyer, Karin, Lawn, Steve, Grobusch, Martin P, Memish, Ziad, Squire, Bertie ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7173-9038, Pantaleo, Giuseppe, Chakaya, Jeremiah, Casenghi, Martina, Migliori, Giovanni-Batista, Mwaba, Peter, Zijenah, Lynn, Hoelscher, Michael, Cox, Helen, Swaminathan, Soumya, Kim, Peter S, Schito, Marco, Harari, Alexandre, Bates, Matthew, Schwank, Samana, O'Grady, Justin, Pletschette, Michel, Ditui, Lucica, Atun, Rifat and Zumla, Alimuddin (2012) 'Tuberculosis diagnostics and biomarkers: needs, challenges, recent advances, and opportunities.'. Journal of Infectious Disease, Vol 205, Issue Supp 2, S147-S158.

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Abstract

Tuberculosis is unique among the major infectious diseases in that it lacks accurate rapid point-of-care diagnostic tests. Failure to control the spread of tuberculosis is largely due to our inability to detect and treat all infectious cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in a timely fashion, allowing continued Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission within communities. Currently recommended gold-standard diagnostic tests for tuberculosis are laboratory based, and multiple investigations may be necessary over a period of weeks or months before a diagnosis is made. Several new diagnostic tests have recently become available for detecting active tuberculosis disease, screening for latent M. tuberculosis infection, and identifying drug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis. However, progress toward a robust point-of-care test has been limited, and novel biomarker discovery remains challenging. In the absence of effective prevention strategies, high rates of early case detection and subsequent cure are required for global tuberculosis control. Early case detection is dependent on test accuracy, accessibility, cost, and complexity, but also depends on the political will and funder investment to deliver optimal, sustainable care to those worst affected by the tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus epidemics. This review highlights unanswered questions, challenges, recent advances, unresolved operational and technical issues, needs, and opportunities related to tuberculosis diagnostics.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	QY Clinical Pathology > Diagnostic Tests > QY 250 Immunodiagnostic tests WA Public Health > Preventive Medicine > WA 110 Prevention and control of communicable diseases. Transmission of infectious diseases WB Practice of Medicine > Diagnosis > General Diagnosis > WB 200 Physical diagnosis (General) WF Respiratory System > Tuberculosis > WF 200 Tuberculosis (General) WF Respiratory System > Tuberculosis > WF 220 Diagnosis. Prognosis
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jir860
Depositing User:	Helen Rigby
Date Deposited:	24 May 2012 11:20
Last Modified:	13 Nov 2019 11:21
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/2855

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