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Jaki, Thomas, Parry, Alice, Kay, Katherine and Hastings, Ian 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1332-742X
(2013)
'Analysing malaria drug trials on a per-individual or per-clone basis: a comparison of methods'. Statistics in Medicine, Vol 32, Issue 17, pp. 3020-3038.
Abstract
There are a variety of methods used to estimate the effectiveness of antimalarial drugs in clinical trials, invariably on a per-person basis. A person, however, may have more than one malaria infection present at the time of treatment. We evaluate currently used methods for analysing malaria trials on a per-individual basis and introduce a novel method to estimate the cure rate on a per-infection (clone) basis. We used simulated and real data to highlight the differences of the various methods. We give special attention to classifying outcomes as cured, recrudescent (infections that never fully cleared) or ambiguous on the basis of genetic markers at three loci. To estimate cure rates on a per-clone basis, we used the genetic information within an individual before treatment to determine the number of clones present. We used the genetic information obtained at the time of treatment failure to classify clones as recrudescence or new infections. On the per-individual level, we find that the most accurate methods of classification label an individual as newly infected if all alleles are different at the beginning and at the time of failure and as a recrudescence if all or some alleles were the same. The most appropriate analysis method is survival analysis or alternatively for complete data/per-protocol analysis a proportion estimate that treats new infections as successes. We show that the analysis of drug effectiveness on a per-clone basis estimates the cure rate accurately and allows more detailed evaluation of the performance of the treatment.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | clone; cure rate; malaria; per individual; per-clone |
| Subjects: | QV Pharmacology > Anti-Inflammatory Agents. Anti-Infective Agents. Antineoplastic Agents > QV 256 Antimalarials QV Pharmacology > QV 38 Drug action. QV Pharmacology > Drug Standardization. Pharmacognosy. Medicinal Plants > QV 771 Standardization and evaluation of drugs WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 770 Therapy |
| Faculty: Department: | Biological Sciences > Department of Tropical Disease Biology |
| Digital Object Identifer (DOI): | https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.5706 |
| Depositing User: | Mary Creegan |
| Date Deposited: | 16 Jul 2014 09:19 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Sep 2019 11:29 |
| URI: | https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/3802 |
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