Intestinal schistosomiasis in chimpanzees on Ngamba Island, Uganda: observations on liver fibrosis, schistosome genetic diversity and praziquantel treatment.

Standley, C J, Mugisha, L, Adriko, M, Arinaitwe, M, Rukundo, J, Ajarova, L, Mopya, S, Betson, Martha, Kabatereine, N B and Stothard, Russell ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9370-3420 (2013) 'Intestinal schistosomiasis in chimpanzees on Ngamba Island, Uganda: observations on liver fibrosis, schistosome genetic diversity and praziquantel treatment.'. Parasitology, Vol 140, Issue 3, pp. 285-295.

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Abstract

Despite treatment with praziquantel (PZQ) at 40 mg/kg in food, several chimpanzees on Ngamba Island Chimpanzee Sanctuary (NICS) continue to excrete eggs of Schistosoma mansoni. To monitor disease, 8 animals were closely examined under anaesthesia in March 2011 with portable ultrasonography and by rectal snip biopsy. Schistosome genetic diversity had been previously assayed within 4 of these chimpanzees, finding extensive diversity with 27 DNA barcodes encountered, although none was common to all animals. Calcified schistosome eggs were found in the rectal snips from 5 chimpanzees and liver fibrosis was clearly documented, indicative of progressive disease in 6 animals, the latter being surprisingly advanced in a younger chimpanzee. All 8 animals were treated under anaesthesia by oral gavage with PZQ at 60 mg/kg dosing that was well tolerated. These animals were again re-examined in June 2012 using stool and urine sampling. Only 1 chimpanzee appeared to be free from infection and active egg excretion was confirmed in 6 animals. If intestinal schistosomiasis is to be controlled within this setting, a long-term disease management plan is required which should combine active case-detection with an insistent treatment regime with praziquantel for these chimpanzees, exploring perhaps the performance of even higher dosing.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	QU Biochemistry > Genetics > QU 470 Genetic structures QX Parasitology > QX 20 Research (General) QX Parasitology > Helminths. Annelida > QX 355 Schistosoma WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 810 Schistosomiasis
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182012001576
Related URLs:	Publisher
Depositing User:	Mary Creegan
Date Deposited:	31 Jul 2014 10:25
Last Modified:	02 Dec 2019 12:52
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/3813

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