Detection of high levels of anti-α-galactosyl antibodies in sera of patients with Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis: a possible tool for diagnosis and biomarker for cure in an elimination setting

Al-Salem, Waleed, Ferreira, Daniela ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0594-0902, Dyer, Naomi, Alyamani, Essam J., Balghonaim, Salah M., Al-Mehna, Ahmed Y., Al-Zubiany, Saleem, Ibrahim, El-Keir, Al Shahrani, Ali M., Aakhuliled, Hamed, Aldahan, Mohammed A., Al Jarallh, Abdulaziz M., Abdelhady, Samer S., Al-Zahrani, Mohammed H., Almeida, Igor C. and Acosta Serrano, Alvaro ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2576-7959 (2014) 'Detection of high levels of anti-α-galactosyl antibodies in sera of patients with Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis: a possible tool for diagnosis and biomarker for cure in an elimination setting'. Parasitology, Vol 141, Issue 14, pp. 1898-1903.

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Abstract

SUMMARY: In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is mainly caused by Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica parasites. Diagnosis of CL is predominately made by clinicians, who at times fail to detect the disease and are unable to identify parasite species. Here, we report the development of a chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (CL-ELISA) to measure the levels of anti-α-galactosyl antibodies in human sera. Using this assay, we have found that individuals infected with either Leishmania spp. had significantly elevated levels (up to 9-fold higher) of anti-α-Gal IgG compared to healthy control individuals. The assay sensitivity was 96% for L. major (95% CI; 94–98%) and 91% for L. tropica (95% CI; 86–98%) infections and therefore equivalent to restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction analysis of parasite ITS1 gene. In addition, the assay had higher sensitivity than microscopy analysis, which only detected 68 and 45% of the L. major and L. tropica infections, respectively. Interestingly, up to 2 years following confirmed CL cure individuals had 28-fold higher levels of anti-α-Gal IgG compared to healthy volunteers. Monitoring levels of anti-α-Gal antibodies can be exploited as both a diagnostic tool and as a biomarker of cure of Old World CL in disease elimination settings.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Special Issue - Symposia of the British Society for Parasitology Volume 52 Advances in diagnostics for parasitic diseases.
Subjects:	QX Parasitology > Protozoa > QX 70 Mastigophora. (e.g., Giardia. Trichomonas. Trypanosoma. Leishmania) QY Clinical Pathology > QY 25 Laboratory techniques and procedure WR Dermatology > Parasitic Skin Diseases > WR 350 Tropical diseases of the skin. Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. Leishmaniasis
Faculty: Department:	Clinical Sciences & International Health > Clinical Sciences Department Biological Sciences > Department of Tropical Disease Biology Biological Sciences > Vector Biology Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182014001607
Depositing User:	Martin Chapman
Date Deposited:	05 Nov 2014 10:28
Last Modified:	17 Aug 2022 08:57
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/4512

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