Small alveolar macrophages are infected preferentially by HIV and exhibit impaired phagocytic function

Jambo, Kondwani ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3195-2210, Banda, D H, Kankwatira, A M, Sukumar, N, Allain, T J, Heyderman, Robert, Russell, D G and Mwandumba, Henry ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4470-3608 (2014) 'Small alveolar macrophages are infected preferentially by HIV and exhibit impaired phagocytic function'. Mucosal Immunology, Vol 7, Issue 5, pp. 1116-1126.

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Abstract

HIV-1-infected persons are at higher risk of lower respiratory tract infections than HIV-1-uninfected individuals. This suggests strongly that HIV-infected persons have specific impairment of pulmonary immune responses, but current understanding of how HIV alters pulmonary immunity is incomplete. Alveolar macrophages (AMs), comprising small and large macrophages, are major effectors of innate immunity in the lung. We postulated that HIV-1 impairs pulmonary innate immunity through impairment of AM physiological functions. AMs were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage from healthy, asymptomatic, antiretroviral therapy-naive HIV-1-infected and HIV-1-uninfected adults. We used novel assays to detect in vivo HIV-infected AMs and to assess AM functions based on the HIV infection status of individual cells. We show that HIV has differential effects on key AM physiological functions, whereby small AMs are infected preferentially by the virus, resulting in selective impairment of phagocytic function. In contrast, HIV has a more generalized effect on AM proteolysis, which does not require direct viral infection. These findings provide new insights into how HIV alters pulmonary innate immunity and the phenotype of AMs that harbors the virus. They underscore the need to clear this HIV reservoir to improve pulmonary immunity and reduce the high incidence of lower respiratory tract infections in HIV-1-infected individuals.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	QW Microbiology and Immunology > Immunity by Type > QW 541 Natural immunity. Immunogenetics QW Microbiology and Immunology > Immune Responses > QW 700 Infection. Mechanisms of infection and resistance. WC Communicable Diseases > Virus Diseases > Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. HIV Infections > WC 503 Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. HIV infections WC Communicable Diseases > Virus Diseases > Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. HIV Infections > WC 503.5 Complications WF Respiratory System > WF 140 Diseases of the respiratory system (General)
Faculty: Department:	Clinical Sciences & International Health > Clinical Sciences Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1038/mi.2013.127
Depositing User:	Lynn Roberts-Maloney
Date Deposited:	21 Jan 2015 16:46
Last Modified:	12 Sep 2019 14:16
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/4779

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