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Gatei, Wangeci, Gimnig, John E, Hawley, William, terKuile, Feiko 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3663-5617, Odero, Christopher, Iriemenam, Nnaemeka C, Shah, Monica P, Phillips-Howard, Penelope ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1018-116X, Omosun, Yusuf O, Terlouw, Anja ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5327-8995, Nahlen, Bernard, Slutsker, Laurence, Hamel, Mary J, Kariuki, Simon, Walker, Edward and Shi, Ya Ping
(2015)
'Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum parasite by microsatellite markers after scale-up of insecticide-treated bed nets in western Kenya'. Malaria Journal, Vol 14, Issue 495.
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Malar_J_14_495_Genetic diversity of plasmodium falciparum.pdf - Published Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution. Download (1MB) | Preview |
Abstract
Background:
An initial study of genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum in Asembo, western Kenya showed that the parasite maintained overall genetic stability 5 years after insecticide-treated bed net (ITN) introduction in 1997. This study investigates further the genetic diversity of P. falciparum 10 years after initial ITN introduction in the same study area and compares this with two other neighbouring areas, where ITNs were introduced in 1998 (Gem) and 2004 (Karemo).
Methods:
From a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2007, 235 smear-positive blood samples collected from children ≤15-year-old in the original study area and two comparison areas were genotyped employing eight neutral microsatellites. Differences in multiple infections, allele frequency, parasite genetic diversity and parasite population structure between the three areas were assessed. Further, molecular data reported previously (1996 and 2001) were compared to the 2007 results in the original study area Asembo.
Results:
Overall proportion of multiple infections (M A ) declined with time in the original study area Asembo (from 95.9 %-2001 to 87.7 %-2007). In the neighbouring areas, M A was lower in the site where ITNs were introduced in 1998 (Gem 83.7 %) compared to where they were introduced in 2004 (Karemo 96.7 %) in 2007. Overall mean allele count (M AC ~ 2.65) and overall unbiased heterozygosity (H e ~ 0.77) remained unchanged in 1996, 2001 and 2007 in Asembo and was the same level across the two neighbouring areas in 2007. Overall parasite population differentiation remained low over time and in the three areas at F ST < 0.04. Both pairwise and multilocus linkage disequilibrium showed limited to no significant association between alleles in Asembo (1996, 2001 and 2007) and between three areas.
Conclusions:
This study showed the P. falciparum high genetic diversity and parasite population resilience on samples collected 10 years apart and in different areas in western Kenya. The results highlight the need for long-term molecular monitoring after implementation and use of combined and intensive prevention and intervention measures in the region.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | QX Parasitology > Protozoa > QX 135 Plasmodia QX Parasitology > Insects. Other Parasites > QX 600 Insect control. Tick control WA Public Health > Preventive Medicine > WA 240 Disinfection. Disinfestation. Pesticides (including diseases caused by) WA Public Health > Health Problems of Special Population Groups > WA 395 Health in developing countries WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 750 Malaria WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 765 Prevention and control |
| Faculty: Department: | Clinical Sciences & International Health > Clinical Sciences Department |
| Digital Object Identifer (DOI): | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-015-1003-x |
| Depositing User: | Jessica Jones |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Jan 2016 11:50 |
| Last Modified: | 13 Sep 2019 14:16 |
| URI: | https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/5485 |
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