Long-lasting insecticidal nets remain efficacious after five years of use in Papua New Guinea

Katusele, Michelle, Gideon, Gibson, Thomsen, Edward K ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1136-6430, Siba, Peter T, Hetzel, Manuel W and Reimer, Lisa J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9711-4981 (2014) 'Long-lasting insecticidal nets remain efficacious after five years of use in Papua New Guinea'. Papua New Guinea Medical Journal, Vol 57, Issue 1-4, pp. 86-93.

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Abstract

Long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) have been distributed throughout Papua New Guinea since 2004 as part of the country’s malaria control program. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of these used bednets over time and with respect to the various household factors related to their use in order to enable the National Department of Health to maximize on the benefits of LLINs. In 2008 and early 2009, used LLINs (0-9 years old) were collected in various villages in Papua New Guinea as part of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (GFATM)-supported National Malaria Control Program and data were collected on net usage. A subset of the nets were tested for residual insecticide content. Net efficacy was measured by the rate of knockdown of Anopheles farauti s.s. following exposure to LLINs using the World Health Organization cone bioassay. Optimal effectiveness (>95% knockdown 1 hour post exposure) was observed in 92% of the LLINs.
A slight reduction in efficacy was observed after two years of household use and there was a significant relationship between the number of years in use and percent knockdown (p <0.001) as well as deltamethrin concentration (p <0.001). Washing of nets was not associated with a reduction in deltamethrin concentration, but drying them in the sun was (p = 0.008). The physical conditions of these nets also degraded over time with a significant increase in the number of large holes after 5 years (p = 0.02). These findings are in support of the current recommendation to replace LLINs after five years of use, and demonstrate that proper net care can extend the length of efficacy.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	QX Parasitology > Insects. Other Parasites > QX 600 Insect control. Tick control WA Public Health > Preventive Medicine > WA 110 Prevention and control of communicable diseases. Transmission of infectious diseases WA Public Health > Preventive Medicine > WA 240 Disinfection. Disinfestation. Pesticides (including diseases caused by) WA Public Health > Health Problems of Special Population Groups > WA 395 Health in developing countries WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 765 Prevention and control
Faculty: Department:	Biological Sciences > Vector Biology Department
Depositing User:	Martin Chapman
Date Deposited:	01 Mar 2016 11:02
Last Modified:	03 May 2022 13:02
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/5711

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