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Mbale, Emmie W, Moxton, Christopher A, Mukaka, Mavuto, Chagomerana, Maganizo, Glover, Simon, Chisala, Ngawina, Omar, Sofia, Molyneux, Malcolm E, Seydel, Karl, Craig, Alister G 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0914-6164, Taylor, Terrie, Heyderman, Robert S and Mallewa, Macpherson
(2016)
'HIV coinfection influences the inflammatory response but not the outcome of cerebral malaria in Malawian children'. Journal of Infection, Vol 73, Issue 3, pp. 189-199.
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Abstract
Objectives
Study of the effect of HIV on disease progression in heterogeneous severe malaria syndromes with imprecise diagnostic criteria has led to varying results. Characteristic retinopathy refines cerebral malaria (CM) diagnosis, enabling more precise exploration of the hypothesis that HIV decreases the cytokine response in CM, leading to higher parasite density and a poor outcome.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed data on clinical progression and laboratory parameters in 877 retinopathy-positive CM cases admitted 1996–2011 (14.4% HIV-infected) to a large hospital in Malawi. Admission plasma levels of TNF, interleukin-10, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM-1) were measured by ELISA in 135 retinopathy-positive CM cases.
Results
HIV-infected CM cases had lower median plasma levels of TNF (p = 0.008), interleukin-10 (p = 0.045) and sICAM-1 (p = 0.04) than HIV-uninfected cases. Although HIV-infected children were older and more likely to have co-morbidities, HIV-status did not significantly affect parasite density (p = 0.90) or outcome (24.8% infected, vs. 18.5% uninfected; p = 0.13).
Conclusion
In this well-characterised CM cohort, HIV-coinfection was associated with marked blunting of the inflammatory response but did not affect parasite density or outcome. These data highlight the complex influence of HIV on severe malaria and bring into question systemic inflammation as a primary driver of pathogenesis in human CM.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | open access: SM Subjects: SM |
| Subjects: | WA Public Health > WA 20.5 Research (General) WC Communicable Diseases > Virus Diseases > Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. HIV Infections > WC 503 Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. HIV infections WC Communicable Diseases > Virus Diseases > Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. HIV Infections > WC 503.5 Complications WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 750 Malaria WS Pediatrics > WS 20 Research (General) |
| Faculty: Department: | Clinical Sciences & International Health > Clinical Sciences Department |
| Digital Object Identifer (DOI): | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2016.05.012 |
| Depositing User: | Stacy Murtagh |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Jun 2016 15:15 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Aug 2022 08:57 |
| URI: | https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/5943 |
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