Coevolution takes the sting out of it: Evolutionary biology and mechanisms of toxin resistance in animals.

Arbuckle, Kevin, Rodríguez de la Vega, Ricardo C and Casewell, Nicholas ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-4719 (2017) 'Coevolution takes the sting out of it: Evolutionary biology and mechanisms of toxin resistance in animals.'. Toxicon, Vol 140, pp. 118-131.

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Abstract

Understanding how biotic interactions shape the genomes of the interacting species is a long-sought goal of evolutionary biology that has been hampered by the scarcity of tractable systems in which specific genomic features can be linked to complex phenotypes involved in interspecific interactions. In this review we present the compelling case of evolved resistance to the toxic challenge of venomous or poisonous animals as one such system. Animal venoms and poisons can be comprised of few or of many individual toxins. Here we show that resistance to animal toxins has evolved multiple times across metazoans, although it has been documented more often in phyla that feed on chemically-armed animals than in prey of venomous predators. We review three types of gene-product based resistance: 1) toxin scavenging, where molecules produced by the envenomed organism bind and inactivate the toxins; 2) target-site insensitivity, including landmark cases of convergent changes that make the molecules normally targeted by animal toxins refractory, and; 3) off-target repurposing, where envenomed organisms overcome toxicity by exploiting the function of toxins to alter their physiological effect. We finish by discussing the evolutionary processes that likely played a role in the origin and maintenance of toxin resistance. We conclude that antagonistic interactions involving poisonous or venomous animals are unparalleled models for investigating microevolutionary processes involved in coevolution and linking them to macroevolutionary patterns. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.]

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	QU Biochemistry > Genetics > QU 450 General Works QU Biochemistry > Genetics > QU 500 Genetic phenomena QW Microbiology and Immunology > Immunity by Type > QW 541 Natural immunity. Immunogenetics QW Microbiology and Immunology > Antigens and Antibodies. Toxins and Antitoxins > QW 630 Toxins. Antitoxins
Faculty: Department:	Biological Sciences > Department of Tropical Disease Biology
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2017.10.026
SWORD Depositor:	JISC Pubrouter
Depositing User:	Stacy Murtagh
Date Deposited:	20 Nov 2017 16:37
Last Modified:	14 Jun 2019 09:25
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/7837

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