Bionomics and vectorial role of anophelines in wetlands along the volcanic chain of Cameroon.

Amvongo-Adjia, Nathalie, Wirsiy, Emmanuela L, Riveron, Jacob M, Chounna Ndongmo, Winston P, Enyong, Peter A, Njiokou, Flobert, Wondji, Charles ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0791-3673 and Wanji, Samuel (2018) 'Bionomics and vectorial role of anophelines in wetlands along the volcanic chain of Cameroon.'. Parasites & Vectors, Vol 11, Issue 1, e471.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND
The epidemiological profiles of vector-borne diseases, such as malaria, are strongly associated with landscape components. The reduction of malaria burden in endemic and epidemic regions mainly depends on knowledge of the malaria-transmitting mosquito species, populations and behavioural characteristics, as well as malaria exposure risks. This work aimed at carrying out a holistic study in order to characterise Anopheles species in relation to human malaria in seven wetlands along the lower section of the volcanic chain of Cameroon.

RESULTS
Eight malaria vectors: Anopheles arabiensis, An. coluzzii, An. funestus (s.s.), An. gambiae, An. hancocki, An. melas, An. nili and An. ziemanni, were found biting humans. Anopheles gambiae was widespread; however, it played a secondary role in the Ndop plain where An. ziemmani was the primary vector species (79.2%). Anophelines were more exophagic (73.6%) than endophagic (26.4%), showing a marked nocturnal activity (22:00-4:00 h) for An. coluzzii and An. gambiae while An. funestus (s.s.) was mostly caught between 1:00 and 6:00 h and An. ziemanni having an early evening biting behaviour (18:00-00:00 h). Female Anopheles were mostly observed to have relative high parity rates (≥ 70%), with the exception of the Meanja site where species parity varies from 46 to 55%. Overall, the transmission level was low with entomological inoculation rates estimated to 0.7 infected bites per person per month (ib/p/mth) in Tiko and Ndop, 1.4 ib/p/mth in Mamfe and 2.24 ib/p/mth in Santchou.

CONCLUSIONS
The present study represents detailed Anopheles vector characterisation from an understudied area along the volcanic chain of Cameroon with endemic malaria transmission. The significant differences in bionomics and Anopheles species distribution within the studied wetlands, highlights the importance of providing baseline data and an opportunity to assess the outcome of ongoing malaria control interventions in the country.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	QX Parasitology > Insects. Other Parasites > QX 515 Anopheles WA Public Health > Health Problems of Special Population Groups > WA 395 Health in developing countries WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 750 Malaria
Faculty: Department:	Biological Sciences > Vector Biology Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3041-z
Depositing User:	Stacy Murtagh
Date Deposited:	20 Aug 2018 11:33
Last Modified:	13 Sep 2019 15:48
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/9189

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