Preventing neonatal sepsis in rural Uganda: a cross-over study comparing the tolerance and acceptability of three alcohol-based hand rub formulations.

Ditai, J, Mudoola, M, Gladstone, M, Abeso, J, Dusabe-Richards, John, Adengo, M, Olupot-Olupot, P, Carrol, E D, Storr, J, Medina-Lara, A, Faragher, Brian and Weeks, A D (2018) 'Preventing neonatal sepsis in rural Uganda: a cross-over study comparing the tolerance and acceptability of three alcohol-based hand rub formulations.'. BMC Public Health, Vol 18, Issue 1, p. 1279.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND
Neonatal sepsis causes 0.5 million deaths annually, mostly in low resource settings. Babies born in African rural homes without running water or toilet facilities are especially vulnerable. Alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) may be used by mothers and carers as an alternative to hand washing with soap to prevent neonatal infection. However, no definite study has established the preferred formulation of hand rub for the mothers. This study aimed to assess the effects of addition of bitterants and perfume towards the acceptability of the alcohol-based hand rubs by the mothers in their homes after childbirth.
METHODS
This was a 3-way blinded cross-over study design. Mothers with children aged ≤3 months were recruited from immunisation clinics at 3 local health facilities in rural eastern Uganda and received 3-different ABHR formulations (in the order plain, bitterant and perfumed) packed in 100 ml bottles. Each ABHR was used for 5 consecutive days followed by a 2-day 'washout' period (evaluation period). Overall satisfaction with each hand rub was evaluated at the end of each week using a 7-point Likert scale.
RESULTS
A total of 43 women were recruited, whose ages ranged from 16 to 45 years (mean 26.2 years old). None of the participants normally used a hand protective lotion/cream. The three formulations were used for a mean of 5 (range 3-7) days. A significantly greater volume of the "bitterant" and "perfumed" formulations (mean 91 and 83 ml respectively) were used in comparison to the "plain" formulation (mean 64 ml). Overall satisfaction was high with all the hand rubs, but the perfumed formulation had a significantly higher overall satisfaction score [mean 6.7, range 4-7] compared with the plain [6.4, 3-7] and bitterant [6.2, 2-7] formulations.
CONCLUSIONS
All the 3 ABHR formulations were well accepted with little to choose between them. The ABHR with added perfume scored highest on overall satisfaction and was used significantly more often than plain ABHR. ABHR with bitterant additive did, however, score highly and may be a preferable choice to those with concern over alcohol misuse.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ISRCTN67852437 , prospectively registered on 18/03/2018.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	WA Public Health > Health Problems of Special Population Groups > WA 310 Maternal welfare WA Public Health > Health Problems of Special Population Groups > WA 395 Health in developing countries WQ Obstetrics > Childbirth. Prenatal Care > WQ 160 Midwifery WQ Obstetrics > WQ 500 Postnatal care
Faculty: Department:	Clinical Sciences & International Health > Clinical Sciences Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-6201-3
Depositing User:	Stacy Murtagh
Date Deposited:	05 Dec 2018 14:11
Last Modified:	05 Dec 2018 14:11
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/9738

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