LSTM Home > LSTM Research > LSTM Online Archive

In Vitro Immunological Cross-Reactivity of Thai Polyvalent and Monovalent Antivenoms with Asian Viper Venoms

Chaisakul, J, Rusmili, MRA, Al Solaiss, Jaffer, Albulescu, Laura-Oana ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6563-9217, Harrison, Robert, Othman, I and Casewell, Nicholas ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-4719 (2020) 'In Vitro Immunological Cross-Reactivity of Thai Polyvalent and Monovalent Antivenoms with Asian Viper Venoms'. Toxins, Vol 12, Issue 12, p. 766.

[img] Text
Chaisakul et al 2020_In vitro immunological cross-reactivity_Toxins_Dec-20.docx - Accepted Version
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution.

Download (29MB)

Abstract

The intravenous administration of polyclonal antibodies known as antivenom is the only effective treatment for snakebite envenomed victims, but because of inter-specific variation in the toxic components of snake venoms, these therapies have variable efficacies against different snake species and/or different populations of the same species. In this study, we sought to characterize the in vitro venom binding capability and in vitro cross-neutralizing activity of antivenom, specifically the Hemato Polyvalent antivenom (HPAV; The Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute (QSMI) of the Thai Red Cross Society, Thailand) and three monovalent antivenoms (QSMI) specific to Daboia siamensis, Calloselasma rhodostoma, and Trimeresurus albolabris venoms, against a variety of South Asian and Southeast Asian viper venoms (Calloselasma rhodostoma, Daboia russelii, Hypnale hypnale, Trimeresurus albolabris, Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus, Trimeresurus hageni, and Trimeresurus fucatus). Using ELISA and immunoblotting approaches, we find that the majority of protein components in the viper venoms were recognized and bound by the HPAV polyvalent antivenom, while the monospecific antivenom made against T. albolabris extensively recognized toxins present in the venom of related species, T. purpureomaculatus, T. hageni, and T. fucatus. In vitro coagulation assays using bovine plasma revealed similar findings, with HPAV antivenom significantly inhibiting the coagulopathic activities of all tested viper venoms and T. albolabris antivenom inhibiting the venoms from Malaysian arboreal pit vipers. We also show that the monovalent C. rhodostoma antivenom exhibits highly comparable levels of immunological binding and in vitro venom neutralization to venom from both Thailand and Malaysia, despite previous reports of considerable intraspecific venom variation. Our findings suggest that Thai antivenoms from QSMI may by useful therapeutics for managing snake envenomings caused by a number of Southeast Asian viper species and populations for which no specific antivenom currently exists and thus should be explored further to assess their clinical utility in treating snakebite victims.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Strategies for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Snakebites
Subjects: QW Microbiology and Immunology > Antigens and Antibodies. Toxins and Antitoxins > QW 575 Antibodies
QW Microbiology and Immunology > Antigens and Antibodies. Toxins and Antitoxins > QW 630 Toxins. Antitoxins
WD Disorders of Systemic, Metabolic or Environmental Origin, etc > Animal Poisons > WD 410 Reptiles
Faculty: Department: Biological Sciences > Department of Tropical Disease Biology
Digital Object Identifer (DOI): https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12120766
Depositing User: Mary Creegan
Date Deposited: 08 Dec 2020 20:44
Last Modified: 21 Jul 2022 10:40
URI: https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/16277

Statistics

View details

Actions (login required)

Edit Item Edit Item