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Ashraf, Hasan, Alam, Nur H., Sultana, Marufa, Jahan, Selina A., Begum, Nurshad, Farzana, Sharmin, Chisti, Mohammod J., Kamal, Mohiuddin, Shamsuzzaman, Abu, Ahmed, Tahmeed, Khan, Jahangir 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6151-764X, Fuchs, George J., Duke, Trevor and Gyr, Niklaus
(2019)
'Day clinic vs . hospital care of pneumonia and severe malnutrition in children under five: a randomised trial'. Tropical Medicine & International Health, Vol 24, Issue 7, pp. 922-931.
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Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the clinical outcomes and costs of managing pneumonia and severe malnutrition in a day clinic management (DC) model (outpatient) compared to hospital care (inpatient).
Methods: A randomized clinical trial where children aged 2 months to 5 years with pneumonia and severe malnutrition were randomly allocated to DC or inpatient hospital care. We used block randomization of variable length from 8-20 and produced
computer-generated random numbers that were assigned to one of the two interventions. Successful management was defined as resolution of clinical signs of pneumonia and being discharged from the model of care (DC or hospital) without need for referral to a hospital (DC), or referral to another hospital. All the children in both DC and hospital received intramuscular ceftriaxone, daily nutrition support and micronutrients.
Results: 470 children were randomly assigned to either DC or hospital care. Successful management was achieved for 184 of 235 (78.3%) by DC alone, compared to 201 of 235 (85.5%) by hospital inpatient care [RR (95% CI) = 0.79 (0.65 – 0.97), p=0.02]. During 6-months of follow-up, 30/235 (12.8%) and 36/235 (15.3%) required
readmission to hospital in the DC and hospital care groups respectively [RR (95% CI) = 0.89 (0.67 – 1.18), p=0.21]. The average overall health care and societal cost was 34% lower in DC (US$ 188±11.7) compared to hospital (US$ 285±13.6) (p<0.001), and 33%
lower cost for households.
Conclusions: There was a 7% greater probability of successful management of pneumonia and severe malnutrition when inpatient hospital care rather than the outpatient day clinic care was the initial method of care. However, where timely referral mechanisms were in place, 94% of children with pneumonia and severe malnutrition were successfully managed initially in a DC, and costs were substantially
lower than with hospital admission.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | WB Practice of Medicine > Therapeutics > WB 300 General works WC Communicable Diseases > Infection. Bacterial Infections > Bacterial Infections > WC 202 Pneumonia (General or not elsewhere classified) WD Disorders of Systemic, Metabolic or Environmental Origin, etc > Nutrition Disorders > WD 105 Deficiency diseases WF Respiratory System > Lungs > WF 600 Lungs WS Pediatrics > WS 100 General works WS Pediatrics > Child Care. Nutrition. Physical Examination > WS 115 Nutritional requirements. Nutrition disorders |
| Faculty: Department: | Clinical Sciences & International Health > International Public Health Department |
| Digital Object Identifer (DOI): | https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.13242 |
| Depositing User: | Rachel Dominguez |
| Date Deposited: | 07 Jun 2019 13:51 |
| Last Modified: | 02 May 2020 01:02 |
| URI: | https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/10983 |
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