An Africa-wide genomic evolution of insecticide resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles funestus involves selective sweeps, copy number variations, gene conversion and transposons

Weedall, Gareth ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8927-1063, Hearn, Jack ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3358-4949, Irving, Helen, Riveron, Jacob ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5395-767X, Kamdem, Collince, Fouet, Caroline, White, Bradley and Wondji, Charles ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0791-3673 (2020) 'An Africa-wide genomic evolution of insecticide resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles funestus involves selective sweeps, copy number variations, gene conversion and transposons'. PLoS Genetics, Vol 16, Issue 6, e1008822.

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Abstract

Insecticide resistance in malaria vectors threatens to reverse recent gains in malaria control. Deciphering patterns of gene flow and resistance evolution in malaria vectors is crucial to improve control strategies and preventing malaria resurgence. A genome-wide survey of Anopheles funestus genetic diversity Africa-wide revealed evidences of a major division between southern Africa and elsewhere, associated with different population histories. Three genomic regions exhibited strong signatures of selective sweep, each spanning major resistance loci (CYP6P9a/b, GSTe2 and CYP9K1). However, a sharp regional contrast was observed between populations correlating with gene flow barriers. Signatures of complex molecular evolution of resistance were detected with evidence of copy number variation, transposon insertion and a gene conversion between CYP6P9a/b paralog genes. Temporal analyses of samples before and after bed net scale up suggest that these genomic changes are driven by this control intervention. Multiple independent selective sweeps at the same locus in different parts of Africa suggests that local evolution of resistance in malaria vectors may be a greater threat than trans-regional spread of resistance haplotypes.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	QU Biochemistry > Genetics > QU 450 General Works QU Biochemistry > Genetics > QU 500 Genetic phenomena QX Parasitology > Insects. Other Parasites > QX 510 Mosquitoes QX Parasitology > Insects. Other Parasites > QX 515 Anopheles WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 750 Malaria
Faculty: Department:	Biological Sciences > Vector Biology Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1008822
Depositing User:	Samantha Sheldrake
Date Deposited:	05 Jun 2020 09:18
Last Modified:	05 Jun 2020 12:58
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/14631

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