A mosquito small RNA genomics resource reveals dynamic evolution and host responses to viruses and transposons

Ma, Qicheng, Srivastav, Satyam P, Gamez, Stephanie, Dayama, Gargi, Feitosa-Sutheimer, Fabiana, Patterson, Ian ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3465-0848, Johnson, Rebecca M, Matson, Erik M, Gold, Alexander S, Brackney, Douglas E, Connor, John H, Colpitts, Tonya M, Hughes, Grant ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7567-7185, Rasgon, Jason L, Nolan, Tony ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2982-8333, Akbari, Omar S and Lau, Nelson C (2021) 'A mosquito small RNA genomics resource reveals dynamic evolution and host responses to viruses and transposons'. Genome Research, Vol 31, Issue 3, pp. 512-528.

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Abstract

Although mosquitoes are major transmission vectors for pathogenic arboviruses, viral infection has little impact on mosquito health. This immunity is due in part to mosquito RNA interference (RNAi) pathways that generate antiviral small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). RNAi also maintains genome
integrity by potently repressing mosquito transposon activity in the germline and soma. However, viral and transposon small RNA regulatory pathways have not been systematically examined together in mosquitoes. Therefore, we developed an integrated
Mosquito Small RNA Genomics (MSRG) resource that analyzes the transposon and virus small RNA profiles in mosquito cell cultures and somatic and gonadal tissues across four medically important mosquito species. Our resource captures both somatic and gonadal small RNA expression profiles within mosquito cell cultures, and we report the evolutionary dynamics of a novel Mosquito-Conserved piRNA Cluster Locus (MCpiRCL) composed of satellite DNA repeats. In the larger culicine mosquito genomes we detected highly regular periodicity in piRNA biogenesis patterns coinciding with the
expansion of Piwi pathway genes. Finally, our resource enables detection of crosstalk between piRNA and siRNA populations in mosquito cells during a response to virus infection. The MSRG resource will aid efforts to dissect and combat the capacity of
mosquitoes to tolerate and spread arboviruses.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	QU Biochemistry > Proteins. Amino Acids. Peptides > QU 58.7 RNA QX Parasitology > Insects. Other Parasites > QX 510 Mosquitoes
Faculty: Department:	Biological Sciences > Department of Tropical Disease Biology Biological Sciences > Vector Biology Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.265157.120
Depositing User:	Mel Finley
Date Deposited:	27 Jan 2021 17:54
Last Modified:	06 Apr 2021 14:34
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/16776

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