Pathogenesis, clinical features, and neurological outcome of cerebral malaria

Idro, R., Jenkins, N. and Newton, C. R. J. C. (2005) 'Pathogenesis, clinical features, and neurological outcome of cerebral malaria'. Lancet Neurology, Vol 4, Issue 12, pp. 827-840.

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Abstract

Cerebral malaria is the most severe neurological complication of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Even though this type of malaria is most common in children living in sub-Saharan Africa, it should be considered in anybody with impaired consciousness that has recently travelled in a malaria-endemic area. Cerebral malaria has few specific features, but there are differences in clinical presentation between African children and non-immune adults. Subsequent neurological impairments are also most common and severe in children. Sequestration of infected erythrocytes within cerebral blood vessels seems to be an essential component of the pathogenesis. However, other factors such as convulsions, acidosis, or hypoglycaemia can impair consciousness. In this review, we describe the clinical features and epidemiology of cerebral malaria. We highlight recent insights provided by ex-vivo work on sequestration and examination of pathological specimens. We also summarise recent studies of persisting neurocognitive impairments in children who survive cerebral malaria and suggest areas for further research.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	severe falciparum-malaria blood-brain-barrier intercellular-adhesion molecule-1 tumor-necrosis-factor acute-renal-failure cerebrospinal-fluid levels nitric-oxide synthase intensive-care-unit papua-new-guinea plasmodium-falciparum
Subjects:	WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 750 Malaria WL Nervous System > WL 140 Nervous system diseases (General)
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(05)70247-7
Depositing User:	Ms Julia Martin
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2011 13:09
Last Modified:	16 Dec 2021 08:19
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/1933

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