X-treme loss of sequence diversity linked to neo-X chromosomes in filarial nematodes

Mattick, John, Libro, Silvia, Bromley, Robin, Chaicumpa, Wanpen, Chung, Matthew, Cook, Darren, Khan, Mohammad Behram, Kumar, Nikhil, Lau, Yee-Ling, Misra-Bhattacharya, Shailja, Rao, Ramakrishna, Sadzewicz, Lisa, Saeung, Atiporn, Shahab, Mohd, Sparklin, Benjamin C., Steven, Andrew, Turner, Joseph ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2185-5476, Tallon, Luke J., Taylor, Mark ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3396-9275, Moorhead, Andrew R, Michalski, Michelle, Foster, Jeremy M. and Dunning Hotopp, Julie C. (2021) 'X-treme loss of sequence diversity linked to neo-X chromosomes in filarial nematodes'. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Issue 10, e0009838.

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Abstract

The sequence diversity of natural and laboratory populations of Brugia pahangi and Brugia malayi was assessed with Illumina resequencing followed by mapping to identify single nucleotide variants and insertions/deletions. In natural and laboratory Brugia populations, there is a lack of sequence diversity on chromosome X relative to the autosomes (πX/πA = 0.2), which is lower than the expected πX/πA = 0.75). A reduction in diversity is also observed in other filarial nematodes with neo-X chromosome fusions in the genera Onchocerca and Wuchereria, but not those without neo-X chromosome fusions in the genera Loa and Dirofilaria. In the species with neo-X chromosome fusions, chromosome X is abnormally large, containing a third of the genetic material such that a sizable portion of the genome is lacking sequence diversity. Such profound differences in genetic diversity can be consequential, having been associated with drug resistance and adaptability, with the potential to affect filarial eradication.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	QU Biochemistry > Genetics > QU 470 Genetic structures QX Parasitology > Helminths. Annelida > QX 301 Filarioidea WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 850 Nematode infections (General)
Faculty: Department:	Biological Sciences > Department of Tropical Disease Biology Biological Sciences > Vector Biology Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009838
Depositing User:	Stacy Murtagh
Date Deposited:	04 Nov 2021 12:02
Last Modified:	04 Nov 2021 12:03
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/19338

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