Chronic respiratory disease in adult outpatients in three African countries: a cross-sectional study

Binegdie, Amsalu, Meme, Helen, El Sony, Asma, Haile, Tewodros, Osman, Rashid, Miheso, B, Zurba, Lindsay, Lesosky, Maia, Balmes, John, Burney, Peter, Mortimer, Kevin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8118-8871 and Devereux, Graham ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0024-4887 (2022) 'Chronic respiratory disease in adult outpatients in three African countries: a cross-sectional study'. International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Vol 26, Issue 1, pp. 18-25.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The greatest burden of chronic respiratory disease is in low- and middle-income countries, with recent population-based studies reporting substantial levels of obstructive and restrictive lung function.

OBJECTIVE: To characterise the common chronic respiratory diseases encountered in hospital outpatient clinics in three African countries.

METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of consecutive adult patients with chronic respiratory symptoms (>8 weeks) attending hospital outpatient departments in Ethiopia, Kenya and Sudan. Patients were assessed using a respiratory questionnaire, spirometry and chest radiography. The diagnoses of the reviewing clinicians were ascertained.

RESULT: A total of 519 patients (209 Kenya, 170 Ethiopia, 140 Sudan) participated; the mean age was 45.2 years (SD 16.2); 53% were women, 83% had never smoked. Reviewing clinicians considered that 36% (95% CI 32-40) of patients had asthma, 25% (95% CI 21-29) had chronic bronchitis, 8% (95% CI 6-11) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 5% (95% CI 4-8) bronchiectasis and 4% (95% CI 3-6) post-TB lung disease. Spirometry consistent with COPD was present in 35% (95% CI 30-39). Restriction was evident in 38% (95% CI 33-43). There was evidence of sub-optimal diagnosis of asthma and COPD.

CONCLUSION: In Ethiopia, Kenya and Sudan, asthma, COPD and chronic bronchitis account for the majority of diagnoses in non-TB patients with chronic respiratory symptoms. The suboptimal diagnosis of these conditions will require the widespread use of spirometry.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	WA Public Health > WA 30 Socioeconomic factors in public health (General) WA Public Health > Health Problems of Special Population Groups > WA 395 Health in developing countries WF Respiratory System > WF 140 Diseases of the respiratory system (General) WF Respiratory System > WF 20 Research (General)
Faculty: Department:	Clinical Sciences & International Health > Clinical Sciences Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.21.0362
Depositing User:	Debbie Jenkins
Date Deposited:	18 Jan 2022 12:06
Last Modified:	16 Jun 2023 11:31
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/19777

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