Respiratory mucosal immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 after infection and vaccination

Mitsi, Elena, Diniz, Mariana O., Reiné, Jesús, Collins, Andrea ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4094-1572, Robinson, Ryan, Hyder-Wright, Angela, Farrar, Madlen, Liatsikos, Konstantinos, Hamilton, Josh, Onyema, Onyia, Urban, Britta ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4197-8393, SolorzanoGonzalez, Carla, Belij-Rammerstorfer, Sandra, Sheehan, Emma, Lambe, Teresa, Draper, Simon J., Weiskopf, Daniela, Sette, Alessandro, Maini, Mala K. and Ferreira, Daniela ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0594-0902 (2023) 'Respiratory mucosal immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 after infection and vaccination'. Nature Communications, Vol 14, Issue 1, e6815.

Preview

Text 41467_2023_Article_42433.pdf - Published Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution. Download (3MB) | Preview

Abstract

Respiratory mucosal immunity induced by vaccination is vital for protection from coronavirus infection in animal models. In humans, the capacity of peripheral vaccination to generate sustained immunity in the lung mucosa, and how this is influenced by prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, is unknown. Here we show using bronchoalveolar lavage samples that donors with history of both infection and vaccination have more airway mucosal SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and memory B cells than those only vaccinated. Infection also induces populations of airway spike-specific memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells that are not expanded by vaccination alone. Airway mucosal T cells induced by infection have a distinct hierarchy of antigen specificity compared to the periphery. Spike-specific T cells persist in the lung mucosa for 7 months after the last immunising event. Thus, peripheral vaccination alone does not appear to induce durable lung mucosal immunity against SARS-CoV-2, supporting an argument for the need for vaccines targeting the airways.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	QW Microbiology and Immunology > Immunotherapy and Hypersensitivity > QW 806 Vaccination WC Communicable Diseases > Virus Diseases > Viral Respiratory Tract Infections. Respirovirus Infections > WC 505 Viral respiratory tract infections WC Communicable Diseases > Virus Diseases > Viral Respiratory Tract Infections. Respirovirus Infections > WC 506 COVID-19 WF Respiratory System > WF 140 Diseases of the respiratory system (General)
Faculty: Department:	Clinical Sciences & International Health > Clinical Sciences Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-42433-w
SWORD Depositor:	JISC Pubrouter
Depositing User:	JISC Pubrouter
Date Deposited:	27 Oct 2023 10:00
Last Modified:	27 Oct 2023 10:00
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/23368

Statistics

View details

Actions (login required)

Edit Item