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Albuquerque Barbosa, Fabiane Bianca, Raad, Rima de Souza, Santos Ibiapina, Hiochelson Najibe, Freire dos Reis, Monique, Neves, Juliana Costa Ferreira, Andrade, Rosilene Viana, Nascimento, Thaís Pinto, Valle, Fabio Francesconi, Casewell, Nicholas 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-4719, Sachett, Jacqueline, Sartim, Marco Aurélio, Monteiro, Wuelton, Costa, Allyson Guimarães and Lima Ferreira, Luiz Carlos
(2024)
'Dermatopathological findings of Bothrops atrox snakebites: A case series in the Brazilian Amazon'. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 18, Issue 12, e0012704.
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pntd.0012704.pdf - Published Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution. Download (2MB) | Preview |
Abstract
Background
Bothrops venom consists primarily of metalloproteinase and phospholipase A2 toxins, which are responsible for the acute inflammatory, coagulant and hemorrhagic action following snakebite. The local effects of snakebite envenomation by Bothrops species are particularly prevalent yet poorly studied, but include pain, edema, erythema, blistering, bleeding, and ecchymosis.
Methods and findings
In this study, we describe the dermatopathological findings observed in a series of 22 patients diagnosed with Bothrops envenomation treated in a tertiary hospital of Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon. Clinically, pain and edema were observed in all patients, followed by fang marks (63.6%), secondary infection (36.3%), ecchymosis (31.8%), erythema (22.7%), blister (13.6%), and necrosis (4.5%). Regarding histopathological findings, epidermal alterations such as spongiosis, acanthosis and hyperkeratosis were the most observed characteristics in our cases series, with isolated cases of hyperplasia, hemorrhagic intraepidermal blister and severe necrosis. Changes in dermis and hypodermis consisted mainly of hemorrhage, inflammatory infiltrate, edema, congestion, and vascular damage, whereas cases of collagen damage, necrosis, abscess, and signs of tissue repair, indicated by the presence of granulation tissue, were also observed, with a persistence of inflammatory and hemostatic alterations even days after antivenom administration. Therefore, the tissue damage resulting from Bothrops envenomation could be related to both direct venom activity as well as inflammatory response or presence of infectious process. The histopathological analysis of human skin injury can enlighten the pathological and endogenous effects of local envenomation and could underpin new strategies, including novel treatments, adjuvants or changes in clinical management, that lead to better outcomes in snakebite patients.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Subjects: | WD Disorders of Systemic, Metabolic or Environmental Origin, etc > Animal Poisons > WD 410 Reptiles WR Dermatology > WR 143 Skin manifestations |
| Faculty: Department: | Biological Sciences > Department of Tropical Disease Biology |
| Digital Object Identifer (DOI): | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0012704 |
| SWORD Depositor: | JISC Pubrouter |
| Depositing User: | JISC Pubrouter |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Jan 2025 12:10 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Jan 2025 12:10 |
| URI: | https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/25890 |
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