Practical progress towards the development of recombinant antivenoms for snakebite envenoming.

Menzies, Stefanie K, Patel, Rohit and Ainsworth, Stuart (2025) 'Practical progress towards the development of recombinant antivenoms for snakebite envenoming.'. Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery, Vol 20, Issue 6, pp. 799-819.

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Abstract

Introduction
Snakebite envenoming is a neglected tropical disease that affects millions globally each year. In recent years, research into the potential production of recombinant antivenoms, formulated using mixtures of highly defined anti-toxin monoclonal antibodies, has rapidly moved from a theoretical concept to demonstrations of practical feasibility.

Areas covered
This article examines the significant practical advancements in transitioning recombinant antivenoms from concept to potential clinical translation. The authors have based their review on literature obtained from Google Scholar and PubMed between September and November 2024. Coverage includes the development and validation of recombinant antivenom antibody discovery strategies, the characterization of the first broadly neutralizing toxin class antibodies, and recent translational proof-of-concept experiments.

Expert opinion
The transition of recombinant antivenoms from a ‘concept’ to the current situation where high-throughput anti-venom mAb discovery is becoming routine, accompanied by increasing evidence of their broad neutralizing capacity in vivo, has been extraordinary. It is now important to build on this momentum by expanding the discovery of broadly neutralizing mAbs to encompass as many toxin classes as possible. It is anticipated that key demonstrations of whether recombinant antivenoms can match or surpass existing conventional polyvalent antivenoms in terms of neutralizing scope and capacity will be achieved in the next few years.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	QW Microbiology and Immunology > Antigens and Antibodies. Toxins and Antitoxins > QW 575 Antibodies WD Disorders of Systemic, Metabolic or Environmental Origin, etc > Animal Poisons > WD 410 Reptiles
Faculty: Department:	Biological Sciences > Department of Tropical Disease Biology
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1080/17460441.2025.2495943
SWORD Depositor:	JISC Pubrouter
Depositing User:	JISC Pubrouter
Date Deposited:	13 Jun 2025 08:26
Last Modified:	13 Jun 2025 08:26
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/26772

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