Lymphocyte Perturbations in Malawian Children with Severe and Uncomplicated Malaria.

Mandala, Wilson, Msefula, Chisomo, Gondwe, Esther, Gilchrist, James J, Graham, Stephen, Pensulo, Paul, Mwimaniwa, Grace, Banda, Meraby, Taylor, Terrie E, Molyneux, Elizabeth E, Drayson, Mark T, Ward, Steve ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2331-3192, Molyneux, Malcolm E and MacLennan, Calman A (2016) 'Lymphocyte Perturbations in Malawian Children with Severe and Uncomplicated Malaria.'. Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, Vol 23, Issue 2, pp. 95-103.

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Abstract

Lymphocytes are implicated in immunity and pathogenesis of severe malaria. Since lymphocyte subsets vary with age, assessment of their contribution to different etiologies can be difficult. We immunophenotyped peripheral blood from Malawian children presenting with cerebral malaria, severe malarial anemia, and uncomplicated malaria (n = 113) and healthy aparasitemic children (n = 42) in Blantyre, Malawi, and investigated lymphocyte subset counts, activation, and memory status. Children with cerebral malaria were older than those with severe malarial anemia. We found panlymphopenia in children presenting with cerebral malaria (median lymphocyte count, 2,100/μl) and uncomplicated malaria (3,700/μl), which was corrected in convalescence and was absent in severe malarial anemia (5,950/μl). Median percentages of activated CD69(+) NK (73%) and γδ T (60%) cells were higher in cerebral malaria than in other malaria types. Median ratios of memory to naive CD4(+) lymphocytes were higher in cerebral malaria than in uncomplicated malaria and low in severe malarial anemia. The polarized lymphocyte subset profiles of different forms of severe malaria are independent of age. In conclusion, among Malawian children cerebral malaria is characterized by lymphocyte activation and increased memory cells, consistent with immune priming. In contrast, there are reduced memory cells and less activation in severe malaria anemia. Further studies are required to understand whether these immunological profiles indicate predisposition of some children to one or another form of severe malaria.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 750 Malaria WC Communicable Diseases > Tropical and Parasitic Diseases > WC 755 Epidemiology WH Hemic and Lymphatic Systems > Hematologic Diseases. Immunologic Factors. Blood Banks > WH 200 Leukocytes. Leukocyte disorders (General) WS Pediatrics > By Age Groups > WS 460 Adolescence (General)
Faculty: Department:	Biological Sciences > Department of Tropical Disease Biology Clinical Sciences & International Health > Clinical Sciences Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00564-15
Depositing User:	Mary Creegan
Date Deposited:	17 Jun 2016 08:53
Last Modified:	17 Aug 2022 08:57
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/5931

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