Prediction of outcome from adult bacterial meningitis in a high HIV seroprevalence, resource-poor setting using the Malawi Adult Meningitis Score (MAMS)

Wall, Emma, Mukaka, Mavuto, Scarborough, Matthew, Ajdukiewicz, Katherine, Cartwright, Katharine, Nyirenda, Mulinda, Denis, Brigitte, Allain, Theresa, Faragher, Brian, Lalloo, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7680-2200 and Heyderman, Robert (2017) 'Prediction of outcome from adult bacterial meningitis in a high HIV seroprevalence, resource-poor setting using the Malawi Adult Meningitis Score (MAMS)'. Clinical Infectious Diseases, Vol 64, Issue 4, pp. 413-419.

Preview	Text Clin_Inf_Dis_Dec-7-2016_Prediction of outcome from adult bacterial meningitis.pdf - Accepted Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution. Download (674kB) | Preview
Preview	Text Clin_Inf_Dis_64_4_413-419.pdf - Published Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution. Download (753kB) | Preview

Abstract

Background: Acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) in adults residing in resource-poor countries is associated with mortality rates in excess of 50%. To improve outcome, interventional trials and standardised clinical algorithms are urgently required. To optimise these processes we developed and validated an outcome prediction tool to identify ABM patients at greatest risk of death.

Methods: We derived a nomogram using mortality predictors derived from a logistic regression model of a discovery database of adult Malawian ABM patients (n=523, 65% CSF culture positive). We validated the nomogram internally using a bootstrapped procedure and subsequently used the nomogram scores to further interpret the effects of adjunctive dexamethasone and glycerol using clinical trial data from Malawi.

Results: ABM mortality at six week follow-up was 54%. Five of fifteen variables tested were strongly associated with poor outcome (CSF culture positivity, CSF WCC, haemoglobin, GCS and pulse rate), and were used in the derivation of the Malawi Adult Meningitis Score (MAMS) nomogram. The C- index (area under the curve) was 0.76 (95% CI 0.71 : 0.80) and calibration was good (Hosmer-Lemeshow c-statistic, =5.48, df=8, p=0.705). Harmful effects of adjunctive glycerol were observed in groups with relatively low predicted risk of poor outcome (25-50% risk): CFR 21% in the placebo group, 52% in the glycerol group p<0.001. This effect was not seen with adjunctive dexamethasone.

Conclusion: MAMS provides a novel tool for predicting prognosis and improving interpretation of ABM clinical trials by risk stratification in resource-poor settings. Whether MAMS can be applied to non-HIV endemic countries requires further evaluation.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	WA Public Health > Health Problems of Special Population Groups > WA 395 Health in developing countries WA Public Health > Statistics. Surveys > WA 950 Theory or methods of medical statistics. Epidemiologic methods WC Communicable Diseases > Virus Diseases > Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. HIV Infections > WC 503.5 Complications WL Nervous System > WL 200 Meninges. Blood-brain barrier
Faculty: Department:	Clinical Sciences & International Health > Clinical Sciences Department Clinical Sciences & International Health > International Public Health Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciw779
Depositing User:	Annmarie Hand
Date Deposited:	14 Dec 2016 12:57
Last Modified:	15 Jun 2018 14:54
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/6439

Statistics

View details

Actions (login required)

Edit Item