Goal directed therapy for suspected acute bacterial meningitis in adults and adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa

Wall, Emma C., Mukaka, Mavuto, Denis, Brigitte, Mlozowa, Veronica S., Msukwa, Malango, Kasambala, Khumbo, Nyrienda, Mulinda, Allain, Theresa J., Faragher, Brian, Heyderman, Robert S. and Lalloo, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7680-2200 (2017) 'Goal directed therapy for suspected acute bacterial meningitis in adults and adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa'. PLoS ONE, Vol 12, Issue 10, e0186687.

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Abstract

Background
Mortality from acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) in sub-Saharan African adults and adolescents exceeds 50%. We tested if Goal Directed Therapy (GDT) was feasible for adults and adolescents with clinically suspected ABM in Malawi.

Materials and methods
Sequential patient cohorts of adults and adolescents with clinically suspected ABM were recruited in the emergency department of a teaching hospital in Malawi using a before/after design. Routine care was monitored in year one (P1). In year two (P2), nurses delivered protocolised GDT (rapid antibiotics, airway support, oxygenation, seizure control and fluid resuscitation) to a second cohort. The primary endpoint was composite mean number of clinical goals attained. Secondary endpoints were individual goals attained and death or disability from proven or probable ABM at day 40.

Results
563 patients with suspected ABM were enrolled in the study; 273 were monitored in P1; 290 patients with suspected ABM received GDT in P2. 61% were male, median age 33 years and 90% were HIV co-infected. ABM was proven or probable in 132 (23%) patients. GDT attained more clinical goals compared to routine care: composite mean number of goals in P1 was 0·55 vs. 1·57 in P2 GDT (p<0·001); Death or disability by day 40 from proven or probable ABM occurred in 29/57 (51%) in P1 and 38/60 (63%) in P2 (p = 0·19).

Conclusion
Nurse-led GDT in a resource-constrained setting was associated with improved delivery of protocolised care. Outcome was unaffected. Trial registration www.isrctn.com ISRCTN96218197

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	WA Public Health > WA 30 Socioeconomic factors in public health (General) WB Practice of Medicine > Therapeutics > WB 300 General works WB Practice of Medicine > Therapeutics > WB 377 Spinal, cisternal and ventricular puncture WL Nervous System > WL 200 Meninges. Blood-brain barrier
Faculty: Department:	Clinical Sciences & International Health > Clinical Sciences Department Clinical Sciences & International Health > Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Programme (MLW)
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186687
SWORD Depositor:	JISC Pubrouter
Depositing User:	Stacy Murtagh
Date Deposited:	01 Nov 2017 15:44
Last Modified:	23 Oct 2024 08:41
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/7764

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