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Awono-Ambene, Parfait H, Etang, Josiane, Antonio-Nkondjio, Christophe, Ndo, Cyrille, Eyisap, Wolfgang Ekoko, Piameu, Michael C, Mandeng, Elysée S, Mbakop, Ranaise L, Toto, Jean Claude, Patchoke, Salomon, Mnzava, Abraham P, Knox, Tessa B, Donnelly, Martin 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5218-1497, Fondjo, Etienne and D Bigoga, Jude
(2018)
'The bionomics of the malaria vector Anopheles rufipes Gough, 1910 and its susceptibility to deltamethrin insecticide in North Cameroon.'. Parasites & Vectors, Vol 11, Issue 1, p. 253.
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Abstract
Following the recent discovery of the role of Anopheles rufipes Gough, 1910 in human malaria transmission in the northern savannah of Cameroon, we report here additional information on its feeding and resting habits and its susceptibility to the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin. From 2011 to 2015, mosquito samples were collected in 38 locations across Garoua, Mayo Oulo and Pitoa health districts in North Cameroon. Adult anophelines collected using outdoor clay pots, window exit traps and indoor spray catches were checked for feeding status, blood meal origin and Plasmodium circumsporozoite protein. The susceptibility of field-collected An. rufipes to deltamethrin was assessed using WHO standard procedures. Of 9327 adult Anopheles collected in the 38 study sites, An. rufipes (6.5%) was overall the fifth most abundant malaria vector species following An. arabiensis (52.4%), An. funestus (s.l.) (20.8%), An. coluzzii (12.6%) and An. gambiae (6.8%). This species was found outdoors (51.2%) or entering houses (48.8%) in 35 suburban and rural locations, together with main vector species. Apart from human blood with index of 37%, An. rufipes also fed on animals including cows (52%), sheep (49%), pigs (16%), chickens (2%) and horses (1%). The overall parasite infection rate of this species was 0.4% based on the detection of P. falciparum circumsporozoite proteins in two of 517 specimens tested. Among the 21 An. rufipes populations assessed for deltamethrin susceptibility, seven populations were classified as "susceptible" (mortality ≥ 98%) , ten as "probable resistant" with a mortality range of 90-97% and four as "resistant" with a mortality range of 80-89%. This study revealed changeable resting and feeding behaviour of An. rufipes, as well as further evidence on its ability to carry human malaria parasites in North Cameroon. Besides, this species is developing physiological resistance to deltamethrin insecticide which is used in treated nets and agriculture throughout the country, and should be regarded as one of potential targets for the control of residual malaria parasite transmission in Africa.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | QX Parasitology > QX 4 General works QX Parasitology > Insects. Other Parasites > QX 510 Mosquitoes QX Parasitology > Insects. Other Parasites > QX 515 Anopheles WA Public Health > Preventive Medicine > WA 240 Disinfection. Disinfestation. Pesticides (including diseases caused by) WA Public Health > WA 30 Socioeconomic factors in public health (General) |
| Faculty: Department: | Biological Sciences > Vector Biology Department |
| Digital Object Identifer (DOI): | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-2809-5 |
| SWORD Depositor: | JISC Pubrouter |
| Depositing User: | Stacy Murtagh |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Apr 2018 10:45 |
| Last Modified: | 16 Sep 2019 09:18 |
| URI: | https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/8557 |
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