Development of high-throughput screening assays for profiling snake venom phospholipase A2 activity after chromatographic fractionation

Still, KBM, Slagboom, J, Kidwai, S, Xie, C, Zhao, Y, Eisses, B, Jiang, J, Vonk, FJ, Somsen, GW, Casewell, Nicholas ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-4719 and Kool, J (2020) 'Development of high-throughput screening assays for profiling snake venom phospholipase A2 activity after chromatographic fractionation'. Toxicon, Vol 184, pp. 28-38.

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Abstract

Many organisms, ranging from plants to mammals, contain phospholipase A2 enzymes (PLA2s), which catalyze the production of lysophospholipids and fatty acid proinflammatory mediators. PLA2s are also common constituents of animal venoms, including bees, scorpions and snakes, and they cause a wide variety of toxic effects including neuro-, myo-, cyto-, and cardio-toxicity, anticoagulation and edema. The aim of this study was to develop a generic method for profiling enzymatically active PLA2s in snake venoms after chromatographic separation. For this, low-volume high-throughput assays for assessment of enzymatic PLA2 activity were evaluated and optimized. Subsequently, the assays were incorporated into a nanofractionation platform that combines high-resolution fractionation of crude venoms by liquid chromatography (LC) with bioassaying in 384-well plate format, and parallel mass spectrometric (MS) detection for toxin identification. The miniaturized assays developed are based on absorbance or fluorescence detection (respectively, using cresol red or fluorescein as pH indicators) to monitor the pH drop associated with free fatty acid formation by enzymatically active PLA2s. The methodology was demonstrated for assessment of PLA2 activity profiles of venoms from the snake species Bothrops asper, Echis carinatus, Echis coloratus, Echis ocellatus, Oxyuranus scutellatus and Daboia russelii russelii.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	QU Biochemistry > Enzymes > QU 136 Hydrolases WD Disorders of Systemic, Metabolic or Environmental Origin, etc > Animal Poisons > WD 410 Reptiles
Faculty: Department:	Biological Sciences > Department of Tropical Disease Biology
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.05.022
Depositing User:	Mary Creegan
Date Deposited:	10 Jun 2020 12:26
Last Modified:	02 Jun 2021 01:02
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/14623

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