Sero-epidemiology of measles Immunoglobulin G antibodies among newborn from South East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa: an observational, multicentre study.

Bokop, Carine, Dhar, Nisha, Izu, Alane, Ali, Musa Mohammed, Akaba, Godwin, Barsosio, Hellen, Berkley, James A, Beck, Prof Manisha Madhai, Chaka, Tolossa E, Cutland, Clare L, Dorji, Phurb, Keita, Adama Mamby, Lema, Feleke Belachew, Medugu, Nubwa, Mwarumba, Salim, Mwakio, Stella, Obaro, Prof Stephen, Olateju, Eyinade K, Sahni, Prof Rani Diana, Saha, Prof Samir K, Santhanam, Prof Sridhar, Sharma, Ragunath, Sigaúque, Betuel, Simoes, Prof Eric A F, Sow, Prof Samba O, Tapia, Prof Milagritos D, Veeraraghavan, Prof Balaji, Madhi, Prof Shabir A and Kwatra, Gaurav (2025) 'Sero-epidemiology of measles Immunoglobulin G antibodies among newborn from South East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa: an observational, multicentre study.'. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol 154, p. 107882.

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Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the transplacental acquisition of measles immunoglobulin (Ig)G in newborns at delivery in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Kenya, Nigeria, Mali, and South Africa.

Methods
Archived cord serum, from a multicenter study on Group B Streptococcus, were tested for measles IgG using a commercial enzyme link immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We tested 323 randomly selected samples from each of the sites. Models using various measles antibody decay rates in infancy were explored.

Results
Overall, 2,907 cord serum samples were analyzed. At birth, 49.9% of newborns were measles IgG seronegative. Measles seronegativity ranged from 21.7% in Nigeria to 73.4% in Bhutan. The adjusted odds of seronegativity in infants of mothers born after measles vaccination implementation was 1.78 times that for infants born to unvaccinated mothers (adjusted odds ratio 1.78; 95% confidence interval 1.43-2.21; P <0.001). Modeling measles-IgG kinetics predicted that 70.8%, 88.3%, and 100% of infants would be seronegative by 2, 4, and 6 months, respectively, without further exposure.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest low transplacental acquisition of measles IgG in newborns, which is likely to yield susceptibility to measles infection at a very young age. The currently recommended measles vaccine schedules in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), with the first dose recommended from 9 months of age and onward, warrant reconsideration, including the need for earlier dosing schedules.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	QW Microbiology and Immunology > Antigens and Antibodies. Toxins and Antitoxins > QW 575 Antibodies QW Microbiology and Immunology > Immunotherapy and Hypersensitivity > QW 805 Vaccines. Antitoxins. Toxoids WC Communicable Diseases > Virus Diseases > Infectious Viral Skin Diseases > WC 580 Measles
Faculty: Department:	Clinical Sciences & International Health > Clinical Sciences Department
Digital Object Identifer (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107882
SWORD Depositor:	JISC Pubrouter
Depositing User:	JISC Pubrouter
Date Deposited:	11 Apr 2025 07:39
Last Modified:	11 Apr 2025 07:39
URI:	https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/id/eprint/26455

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