Items where Subject is "W General Medicine. Health Professions > W 26.5 Informatics. Health informatics"

Article

Alatawi, Ahmed ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6459-9700, Ahmed, Sayem ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9499-1500, Niessen, Louis ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8639-5191 and Khan, Jahangir ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6151-764X (2019) 'Systematic review and meta-analysis of public hospital efficiency studies in Gulf region and selected countries in similar settings'. Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation, Vol 17, Issue 1, e17.

Archer, John, Whiteley, Gareth, Casewell, Nicholas ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-4719, Harrison, Robert and Wagstaff, Simon ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0577-5537 (2014) 'VTBuilder: a tool for the assembly of multi isoform transcriptomes.'. BMC Bioinformatics, Vol 15, e389.

Banke-Thomas, Aduragbemi, Omolade Abejirinde, Ibukun-Oluwa, Banke-Thomas, Oluwasola, Maikano, Adamu and Ameh, Charles ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2341-7605 (2019) 'Cost of maternal health services in low and middle-income countries: protocol for a systematic review'. BMJ Open, Vol 9, Issue 8, e027822.

Banke-Thomas, Aduragbemi, Wilson-Jones, Megan, Madaj, Barbara ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4073-3191 and van den Broek, Nynke ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8523-2684 (2017) 'Economic evaluation of emergency obstetric care training: a systematic review.'. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, Vol 17, Issue 1, p. 403.

Burke, Rachael M, Henrion, Marc, Mallewa, Jane, Masamba, Leo, Kalua, Thokozani, Khundi, McEwan, Gupta-Wright, Ankur, Rylance, Jamie ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2323-3611, Gordon, Stephen ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6576-1116, Masesa, Clemens, Corbett, Elizabeth L, Mwandumba, Henry ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4470-3608 and MacPherson, Peter ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0329-9613 (2021) 'Incidence of HIV-positive admission and inpatient mortality in Malawi [2012-2019]: a population cohort study'. AIDS, Vol 35, Issue 13, pp. 2191-2199.

Coleman, Michael ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4186-3526, Mabuza, A. M., Kok, G., Coetzee, M., Durrheim, D. N. and Coleman, Marlize (2009) 'Using the SaTScan method to detect local malaria clusters for guiding malaria control programmes'. Malaria Journal, Vol 8, Issue 1.

Dialynas, E., Topalis, P., Vontas, John and Louis, C. (2009) 'MIRO and IRbase: IT Tools for the Epidemiological Monitoring of Insecticide Resistance in Mosquito Disease Vectors'. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 3, Issue 6, e465.

Dong, Gaohong, Qiu, Junshan, Wang, Duolao ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2788-2464 and Vandemeulebroecke, Marc (2018) 'The stratified win ratio'. Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics, Vol 28, Issue 4, pp. 778-796.

Dongus, S., Nyika, D., Kannady, K., Mtasiwa, D., Mshinda, H., Gosoniu, L., Drescher, A. W., Fillinger, U., Tanner, M., Killeen, Gerry ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8583-8739 and Castro, M. C. (2009) 'Urban agriculture and Anopheles habitats in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania'. Geospatial Health, Vol 3, Issue 2, pp. 189-210.

Dusabe-Richards, John, Teshome Tesfaye, Hayley, Mekonnen, Jarso, Kea, Aschenaki, Theobald, Sally ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9053-211X and Datiko, Daniel. G (2016) 'Women health extension workers: Capacities, opportunities and challenges to use eHealth to strengthen equitable health systems in Southern Ethiopia.'. Canadian Journal of Public Health, Vol 107, Issue 4-5, e355-e361.

Ediriweera, Dileepa Senajith, Kasturiratne, Anuradhani, Pathmeswaran, Arunasalam, Gunawardena, Nipul Kithsiri, Jayamanne, Shaluka Francis, Lalloo, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7680-2200 and de Silva, Hithanadura Janaka (2017) 'Health seeking behavior following snakebites in Sri Lanka: Results of an island wide community based survey.'. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Issue 11, e0006073.

Egid, Beatrice, Ozano, Kim, Hegel, Guillermo, Zimmerman, Emily, López, Yaimie, Roura, Maria, Sheikhattari, Payam, Jones, Laundette, Dias, Sónia and Wallerstein, Nina (2021) 'Can everyone hear me? Reflections on the use of global online workshops for promoting inclusive knowledge generation'. Qualitative Research, Vol 23, Issue 2, e146879412110195.

Fearon, Elizabeth, Phillips, Andrew, Mtetwa, Sibongle, Chabata, Sungai T, Mushati, Phillis, Cambiano, Valentina, Busza, Joanna, Napierala, Sue, Hensen, Bernadette, Baral, Stefan, Weir, Sharon S, Rice, Brian, Cowan, Frances ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3087-4422 and Hargreaves, James R (2019) 'How can programmes better support female sex workers to avoid HIV infection in Zimbabwe? A prevention cascade analysis'. JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, Vol 81, Issue 1, pp. 24-35.

Franco, Ana O and Gomes, Gabriela ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4979 (2017) 'Challenges and opportunities in digital health'. Cadernos de saude publica, Vol 33, Issue 11, e00090417.

Gomes, Gabriel, Blagborough, Andrew, Langwig, Kate and Ringwald, Beate (2024) 'Remodelling selection to optimise disease forecasts and policies'. Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, Vol 57, Issue 10, p. 103001.

Gordon, Stephen ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6576-1116, Chinula, Lameck, Chilima, Ben, Mwapasa, Victor, Dadabhai, Sufia and Mlombe, Yohannie (2018) 'A Malawi guideline for research study participant remuneration'. Wellcome Open Research, Vol 3, p. 141.

Henrion, Marc (2021) 'bootComb—an R package to derive confidence intervals for combinations of independent parameter estimates'. International Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 50, Issue 4, pp. 1071-1076.

Jack, Christopher, Parker, Craig, Kouakou, Yao Etienne, Joubert, Bonnie, McAllister, Kimberly A, Ilias, Maliha, Maimela, Gloria, Chersich, Matthew, Makhanya, Sibusisiwe, Luchters, Stanley, Makanga, Prestige Tatenda, Vos, Etienne, Ebi, Kristie L, Koné, Brama, Waljee, Akbar K, Cissé, Guéladio, Tall, Abdoulaye, Vanga, Adja Ferdinand, Mahlasi, Craig, Dely, Iba Dieudonné, Mashiyane, James, Aardenne, Lisa van, Doumbia, Madina, Brink, Nicholas, Kloppers, Pierre, Wolski, Piotr, Makhanya, Sibusisiwe, Govindasamy, Tamara and Kurien, Toby (2024) 'Leveraging data science and machine learning for urban climate adaptation in two major African cities: a HE 2 AT Center study protocol'. BMJ Open, Vol 14, Issue 6, e077529.

Jeffery, Caroline ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8023-0708, Pagano, Marcello, Hemingway, Janet ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3200-7173 and Valadez, Joseph ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6575-6592 (2018) 'Hybrid prevalence estimation: a method to improve intervention coverage estimations'. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Jeffery, Caroline ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8023-0708, Ozonoff, Al and Pagano, Marcello (2014) 'The effect of spatial aggregation on performance when mapping a risk of disease.'. International Journal of Health Geographics, Vol 13, :9.

Jones, Sam, Plucinski, Mateusz, Kay, Katherine, Hodel, Eva Maria and Hastings, Ian ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1332-742X (2020) 'Evaluating accuracy of microsatellite markers for classification of recurrent infections during routine monitoring of anti-malarial drug efficacy: A computer modelling approach'. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Vol 64, e01517-19.

Ken-Dror, Gie and Hastings, Ian ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1332-742X (2016) 'Markov chain Monte Carlo and expectation maximization approaches for estimation of haplotype frequencies for multiply infected human blood samples'. Malaria Journal, Vol 15, Issue 1, e430.

MacPherson, Peter ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0329-9613, Khundi, McEwen, Nliwasa, Marriott, Choko, Augustine T, Phiri, Vincent K, Webb, Emily L, Dodd, Peter J, Cohen, Ted, Harris, Rebecca and Corbett, Elizabeth L (2019) 'Disparities in access to diagnosis and care in Blantyre, Malawi, identified through enhanced tuberculosis surveillance and spatial analysis.'. BMC Medicine, Vol 17, Issue 1, e21.

Maconochie, Ian K and Bhaumik, Soumyadeep (2016) 'Fluid therapy for acute bacterial meningitis'. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 11, CD004786.

Maheswaran, Hendramoorthy, Lalloo, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7680-2200, MacPherson, Peter ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0329-9613, Cohen, Danielle, Petrou, Stavros, Kumwenda, Felistas, Corbett, Elizabeth and Clarke, Aileen (2018) 'Economic costs and health-related quality of life outcomes of hospitalised patients with high HIV prevalence: A prospective hospital cohort study in Malawi'. PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Issue 3, e0192991.

Mbeye, Nyanyiwe M., terKuile, Feiko ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3663-5617, Davies, Mary-Ann, Phiri, Kamija S., Egger, Matthias and Wandeler, Gilles (2014) 'Cotrimoxazole prophylactic treatment prevents malaria in children in sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis'. Tropical Medicine & International Health, Vol 19, Issue 9, pp. 1057-1067.

McCaul, Michael, Durao, Solange, Kredo, Tamara, Garner, Paul ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0607-6941, Young, Taryn and Rohwer, Anke (2021) 'Evidence synthesis workshops: moving from face-to-face to online learning'. BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine, Vol 26, Issue 5, pp. 255-260.

McCollum, Rosalind, Taegtmeyer, Miriam ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5377-2536, Otiso, Lilian, Tolhurst, Rachel ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3005-6641, Mireku, Maryline, Martineau, Tim ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4833-3149, Karuga, Robinson and Theobald, Sally ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9053-211X (2019) 'Applying an intersectionality lens to examine health for vulnerable individuals following devolution in Kenya'. International Journal for Equity in Health, Vol 18, Issue 1, e24.

Memish, Ziad A., Hemingway, Janet ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3200-7173 and Hassan, Amir (2011) 'New Joint Centre for Infectious Diseases Research underpins world leading research efforts to develop new tools and technologies to assist in National and International Disease Control efforts'. Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health, Vol 1, Issue 1, pp. 3-4.

Mohammed, Khalfan A, Deb, Rinki, Stanton, Michelle ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1754-4894 and Molyneux, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8537-7947 (2012) 'Soil transmitted helminths and scabies in Zanzibar, Tanzania following mass drug administration for lymphatic filariasis--a rapid assessment methodology to assess impact'. Parasites & Vectors, Vol 5, e299.

Molesworth, Anna M., Harrison, Robert, Theakston, R.David G. and Lalloo, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7680-2200 (2003) 'Geographic Information System mapping of snakebite incidence in northern Ghana and Nigeria using environmental indicators: a preliminary study'. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Vol 97, Issue 2, pp. 188-192.

Monk, E J M, Kumwenda, M, Nliwasa, M, Mpunga, J and Corbett, E (2018) 'Factors affecting tuberculosis health message recall 2 years after active case finding in Blantyre, Malawi.'. International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Vol 22, Issue 9, pp. 1007-1015.

Naidoo, Pren, du Toit, Elizabeth, Dunbar, Rory, Lombard, Carl, Caldwell, Judy, Detjen, Anne, Squire, Bertie ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7173-9038, Enarson, Donald A. and Beyers, Nulda (2014) 'A Comparison of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment Commencement Times in MDRTBPlus Line Probe Assay and Xpert® MTB/RIF-Based Algorithms in a Routine Operational Setting in Cape Town'. PLoS ONE, Vol 9, Issue 7, e103328.

Njouendou, Abdel Jelil, Ritter, Manuel, Kien, Chi Anizette, Esum, Mathias E., Ndongmo, Winston Patrick Chounna, Fombad, Fanny Fri, Gandjui, Narcisse Victor T., Njiokou, Flobert, Enyong, Peter, Pfarr, Kenneth, Turner, Joseph ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2185-5476, Layland, Laura E., Hoerauf, Achim and Wanji, Samuel (2020) 'Dataset on in vitro maintenance of Mansonella perstans microfilariae and drug testing'. Data in Brief, Vol 28, Issue 104930, p. 104930.

Owolabi, Helen, Ameh, Charles ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2341-7605, Bar-Zeev, Sarah, Adaji, Sunday, Kachale, Fanny and Van Den Broek, Nynke ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8523-2684 (2014) 'Establishing cause of maternal death in Malawi via facility-based review and application of the ICD-MM classification'. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Vol 121, Issue S4, pp. 95-101.

Phillips-Howard, Penelope ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1018-116X, Odhiambo, Frank O., Hamel, Mary, Adazu, Kubaje, Ackers, Marta, van Eijk, Anna ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1635-1289, Orimba, Vincent, Hoog, Anja van’t, Beynon, Caryl, Vulule, John, Bellis, Mark A., Slutsker, Laurence, deCock, Kevin, Breiman, Robert and Laserson, Kayla F. (2012) 'Mortality Trends from 2003 to 2009 among Adolescents and Young Adults in Rural Western Kenya Using a Health and Demographic Surveillance System'. PLoS ONE, Vol 7, Issue 11, e47017.

Raven, Joanna ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4112-6959, Bara, Sushil, Wurie, Haja, Witter, Sophie, Samai, Mohamed, Paudel, Pravin, Subedi, Hom Nath, Martineau, Tim ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4833-3149, Elsey, Helen and Theobald, Sally ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9053-211X (2018) 'What adaptation to research is needed following crises: a comparative, qualitative study of the health workforce in Sierra Leone and Nepal'. BMC Health Services Research, Vol 16, Issue 6.

Richardson, Martha, Garner, Paul ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0607-6941 and Donegan, Sarah (2019) 'Interpretation of subgroup analyses in systematic reviews: A tutorial'. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, Vol 7, Issue 2, pp. 192-198.

Riches, Nicholas, Badia, Xavier, Mzilahowa, Themba and Kelly-Hope, Louise ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3330-7629 (2020) 'A systematic review of alternative surveillance approaches for lymphatic filariasis in low prevalence settings: Implications for postvalidation settings'. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Issue 5, e0008289.

Roberts, David, Rylands, Joseph and Sinclair, David (2016) 'Interventions using mobile devices (phones, smart phones, or tablets) to improve adherence to treatment for HIV or tuberculosis'. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CD012353.

Rodrigues Antao, Tiago and Hastings, Ian ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1332-742X (2011) 'ogaraK: a population genetics simulator for malaria.'. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England), Vol 27, Issue 9, pp. 1335-6.

Rohwer, Anke, Wager, Elizabeth, Young, Taryn and Garner, Paul ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0607-6941 (2018) 'Plagiarism in research: a survey of African medical journals'. BMJ Open, Vol 8, Issue 11, e024777.

Sinka, Marianne E, Bangs, Michael J, Manguin, Sylvie, Rubio-Palis, Yasmin, Chareonviriyaphap, Theeraphap, Coetzee, Maureen, Mbogo, Charles M, Hemingway, Janet ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3200-7173, Patil, Anand P, Temperley, William H, Gething, Peter W, Kabaria, Caroline W, Burkot, Thomas R, Harbach, Ralph E and Hay, Simon I (2012) 'A global map of dominant malaria vectors'. Parasites & Vectors, Vol 5, e69.

South, Andy, Dicko, Ahmadou, Herringer, Mark, Macharia, Peter M., Maina, Joseph, Okiro, Emelda A., Snow, Robert W. and van der Walt, Anelda (2020) 'A rapid and reproducible picture of open access health facility data in Africa to support the COVID-19 response'. Wellcome Open Research, Vol 5, p. 157.

South, Andy, Dicko, Ahmadou, Herringer, Mark, Macharia, Peter M., Maina, Joseph, Okiro, Emelda A., Snow, Robert W. and van der Walt, Anelda (2021) 'A reproducible picture of open access health facility data in Africa and R tools to support improvement'. Wellcome Open Research, Vol 5, Issue 157.

Steege, Rosie, Waldman, Linda, Datiko, Daniel G, Kea, Aschenaki Z, Taegtmeyer, Miriam ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5377-2536 and Theobald, Sally ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9053-211X (2018) ''The phone is my boss and my helper' - A gender analysis of an mHealth intervention with Health Extension Workers in Southern Ethiopia.'. Journal of Public Health, Vol 40, Issue suppl_2, ii16-ii31.

Stothard, Russell ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9370-3420, Stanton, Michelle ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1754-4894, Bustinduy, Amaya L., Sousa-Figueiredo, José C., Van Dam, Govert J., Betson, Martha, Waterhouse, David, Ward, Stephen ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2331-3192, Allan, Fiona, Hassan, Amir, Al-Helal, Mohammed A., Memish, Ziad A. and Rollinson, David (2014) 'Diagnostics for schistosomiasis in Africa and Arabia: a review of present options in control and future needs for elimination'. Parasitology, Vol 141, Issue 14, pp. 1947-1961.

Turner, Paul, Rupali, Priscilla, Opintan, Japheth A, Jaoko, Walter, Feasey, Nicholas ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4041-1405, Peacock, Sharon J and Ashley, Elizabeth A (2021) 'Laboratory informatics capacity for effective antimicrobial resistance surveillance in resource-limited settings.'. Lancet Infectious Diseases, Vol 21, Issue 6, e170-e174.

Vong, Sreytouch, Ros, Bandeth, Morgan, Roemary and Theobald, Sally ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9053-211X (2019) 'Why are fewer women rising to the top? A life history gender analysis of Cambodia's health workforce'. BMC Health Services Research, Vol 219, e595.

Wailan, Alexander M., Coll, Francesca, Heinz, Eva, Tonkin-Hill, Gerry, Corander, Jukka, Feasey, Nicholas ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4041-1405 and Thomson, Nicholas (2019) 'rPinecone: Define sub-lineages of a clonal expansion via a phylogenetic tree'. Microbial Genomics, Vol 5, Issue 4.

Wallis, Selina, Cole, Donald. C, Gaye, Oumar, Mmbaga, Blandina T, Mwapasa, Victor, Tagbor, Harry and Bates, Imelda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0862-8199 (2017) 'Qualitative study to develop processes and tools for the assessment and tracking of African institutions’ capacity for operational health research'. British Medical Journal (BMJ), Vol 7, Issue 9, e016660.

Weigel, Ralf ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9034-2634, Estill, Janne, Egger, Matthias, Harries, Anthony D., Makombe, Simon, Tweya, Hannock, Jahn, Andreas and Keiser, Olivia (2012) 'Mortality and loss to follow-up in the first year of ART'. AIDS, Vol 26, Issue 3, pp. 365-373.

Witter, Sophie, Namakula, Justine, Wurie, Haja, Chirwa, Yotamu, So, Sovanarith, Vong, Sreytouch, Ros, Bandeth, Buzuzi, Stephen and Theobald, Sally ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9053-211X (2017) 'The gendered health workforce: mixed methods analysis from four fragile and post-conflict contexts.'. Health Policy and Planning, Vol 32, Issue suppl_5, v52-v62.

Young, Taryn, Garner, Paul ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0607-6941, Kredo, Tamara, Mbuagbaw, Lawrence, Tharyan, Prathap and Volmink, Jimmy (2013) 'Cochrane and capacity building in low- and middle-income countries: where are we at? [Editorial]'. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 11, ED000072.

Zhou, Kaiyuan, Zhang, Xinyi, Ding, Yi, Wang, Duolao ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2788-2464, Lu, Zhou and Yu, Min (2015) 'Inequality trends of health workforce in different stages of medical system reform (1985-2011) in China'. Human Resources for Health, Vol 13, Issue 94.

von Elm, Erik, Ravaud, Philippe, MacLehose, Harriet, Mbuagbaw, Lawrence, Garner, Paul ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0607-6941, Ried, Juliane and Bonfill, Xavier (2013) 'Translating Cochrane Reviews to Ensure that Healthcare Decision-Making is Informed by High-Quality Research Evidence'. PLoS Medicine, Vol 10, Issue 9, e1001516.

Book Section

Dongus, Stefan, Mwakalinga, Victoria, Kannady, Khadija, Tanner, Marcel and Killeen, Gerry ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8583-8739 (2011) 'Participatory Mapping as a Component of Operational Malaria Vector Control in Tanzania' in: Maantay, J A and McLafferty, S, (eds) Geospatial Analysis of Environmental Health, Netherlands, Springer Science and Business Media BV, pp. 321-336.

Lozano-Fuentes, Saul, Barker, Christopher M, Coleman, Marlize, Coleman, Michael ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4186-3526, Park, Bborie, Reisen, William R and Eisen, Lars (2011) 'Emerging Information Technologies to Provide Support to Provide Improved Decision Support for Surveillance, Prevention and Control of Vector-Borne Diseases' in: Jao, Chiang, (ed) Efficient Decision Support Systems - Practice and Challenges in Biomedical Related Domain, Rijeka, Croatia, InTech, pp. 89-114.

Thesis

Zheng, Sirui (2024) The Use of the Win Ratio Method in Clinical Trials, Thesis (Doctoral), Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine.